Last update:
Thu Dec 12 08:26:00 MST 2024
J. A. N. Lee About this Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Herb Grosch Comments, Queries, and Debate: O, AFIPS! 6--7
Anthony Hyman Comments, Queries, and Debate: The
Private Babbage . . . . . . . . . . . . 7--7
Herman Berg Comments, Queries, and Debate: On
Locating the Babbage--Quetelet Letter 7--9
Charles Hall Comments, Queries, and Debate: a
Mechanical Delay Line? . . . . . . . . . 9--9
J. A. N. Lee Introduction: Time Line . . . . . . . . 13
J. A. N. Lee Claims to the Term ``Time-Sharing'' . . 16--54
J. A. N. Lee and
John McCarthy and
J. C. R. Licklider The Beginnings at MIT . . . . . . . . . 18--54
J. A. N. Lee CTSS --- The Compatible Time-Sharing
System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31--54
Robert Rosin and
J. A. N. Lee The CTSS Interviews . . . . . . . . . . 33
Anonymous References and Bibliography . . . . . . 52
Judy O'Neill Happenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
E. W. Weiss Happenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
James E. Tomayko Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Eric A. Weiss Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Paul Ceruzzi Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
J. A. N. Lee About this Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
William Aspray From IEEE's Perspective . . . . . . . . 5
Anonymous Biographies of Participants and Authors 6
J. A. N. Lee and
R. M. Fano and
A. L. Scherr and
F. J. Corbató and
V. A. Vyssotsky Project MAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9--13
J. A. N. Lee and
Robert Rosin The Project MAC Interviews . . . . . . . 14--35
J. A. N. Lee The Social Impact . . . . . . . . . . . 36--41
J. A. N. Lee Prolog to the Future . . . . . . . . . . 42--50
Judy O'Neill and
Brian Randell and
Geoffrey C. Bowker and
J.-P. Poitou and
Pierre-E. Mounier-Kuhn and
Brian Crozier Happenings: Reunion at Bletchley Park;
UK National Archive for the History of
Computing; Center for Research,
Information, and Archives on
Computer-Aided Design; DPMA Donates
Records; European Conference on the
History of Computing; Television Series
on the History of Computing; Hartley
Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51--55
James E. Tomayko Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55--56
Eric A. Weiss Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56--59
Paul Ceruzzi and
P. Forman and
K. W. Smillie and
J. A. N. Lee Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60--63
J. A. N. Lee About this Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
William Aspray From IEEE's Perspective . . . . . . . . 5
Eric A. Weiss and
Mervin Frank Comments, Queries, and Debate: a
Mechanical Delay Line? . . . . . . . . . 6--6
Jon Eklund Comments, Queries, and Debate: The Final
Word on `The Bug' . . . . . . . . . . . 6--7
F. W. Kistermann Comments, Queries, and Debate: The Size
of the Hollerith Punched Card . . . . . 7--7
Robert Donald Carter Comments, Queries, and Debate: German
Ferrite Cores from World War II . . . . 8--8
Robert F. Rosin Comments, Queries, and Debate:
Time-Sharing at MIT (Correction) . . . . 8--8
David J. Crawford and
Philip E. Fox The Autoscritcher and the
Superscritcher: aids to cryptanalysis of
the German Enigma cipher machine,
1944--6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9--22
Jan van den Ende Tidal Calculations in The Netherlands 23--33
Ivor Grattan-Guinness Charles Babbage as an Algorithmic
Thinker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34--48
Judy O'Neill Happenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49--56
James E. Tomayko Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Eric A. Weiss Biographies: Eloge: Arthur Lee Samuel
(1901--90) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55--69
M. R. Williams Biographies --- Joseph Clement: the
first computer engineer . . . . . . . . 69--76
Paul Ceruzzi Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
J. A. N. Lee About this Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
William Aspray From IEEE's Perspective . . . . . . . . 5
F. W. Kistermann Comments, Queries, and Debate: More on
Mechanical Delay Lines . . . . . . . . . 7--7
Martin Campbell-Kelly Introduction: Computing at the
University of Cambridge . . . . . . . . 8
Mary G. Croarken The Emergence of Computing Science
Research and Teaching at Cambridge,
1936--1949 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10--15
Martin Campbell-Kelly The Airy Tape: An Early Chapter in the
History of Debugging . . . . . . . . . . 16--26
Joyce M. Wheeler Applications of the EDSAC . . . . . . . 27--33
David J. Wheeler The EDSAC Programming Systems . . . . . 34--40
John M. M. Pinkerton and
Derek Hemy and
Ernest H. Lenaerts The Influence of the Cambridge
Mathematical Laboratory on the LEO
Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41--48
Martin Campbell-Kelly Programming the EDSAC: early programming
activity at the University of Cambridge 46--67
Maurice V. Wilkes EDSAC 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49--56
Roger M. Needham Later Developments at Cambridge: Titan,
CAP, and the Cambridge Ring . . . . . . 57--58
Anonymous How to Start a Computer Museum: Chinese
Calculators Made During the Kangxi Reign
in the Quing Dynasty . . . . . . . . . . 59
Li Di and
Bai Shangshu and
Michael R. Williams John E. Parker (Biographies) . . . . . . 67--75
Eric A. Weiss Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Paul Ceruzzi Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Anonymous 1991 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Anonymous 1992 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
J. A. N. Lee About this Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
William Aspray From IEEE's Perspective . . . . . . . . 5
Herb Grosch Comments, Queries, and Debate: a History
of Scientific Computation . . . . . . . 7--9
Henry S. Tropp Comments, Queries, and Debate: Turing's
Visit to the United States . . . . . . . 10--10
M. D. Godfrey and
D. F. Hendry The Computer as von Neumann Planned It 11--21
Michael R. Williams The Origins, Uses, and Fate of the EDVAC 22--38
Walter M. Carlson Transforming an Industry Through
Information Technology . . . . . . . . . 39--43
Amy Weaver Fisher and
James L. McKenney The Development of the ERMA Banking
System: Lessons from History . . . . . . 44--57
Judy E. O'Neill Happenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
James E. Tomayko Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Eric A. Weiss Biographies: Eloge: An Wang, 1920--1990 60--69
Paul Ceruzzi Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
J. A. N. Lee About this Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
William Aspray From IEEE's Perspective . . . . . . . . 5
George T. Jacobi Comments, Queries, and Debate: Joe Desch 6--6
J. M. Bennett Comments, Queries, and Debate: Computing
at the University of Cambridge . . . . . 6--7
C. J. D. Roberts Comments, Queries, and Debate: Babbage
and Clement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
J. M. Bennett Comments, Queries, and Debate: Still
More on Mechanical Delay Lines . . . . . 7--7
James S. Small General-Purpose Electronic Analog
Computing: 1945--1965 . . . . . . . . . 8--18
A. Ben Clymer The Mechanical Analog Computers of
Hannibal Ford and William Newell . . . . 19--34
William Aspray Edwin L. Harder and the Anacom: Analog
Computing at Westinghouse . . . . . . . 35--52
Judy E. O'Neill Happenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
James E. Tomayko Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Eric A. Weiss Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Peggy A. Kidwell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Michael R. Williams About this Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
William Aspray From IEEE's Perspective . . . . . . . . 4
J. A. N. Lee Birthday Wishes to Maurice V. Wilkes . . 5
Geof Bowker and
Richard Giordano General Introduction . . . . . . . . . . 6
J. V. Pickstone and
Geof Bowker The Manchester Heritage . . . . . . . . 7--8
Mary Croarken The Beginnings of the Manchester
Computer Phenomenon: People and
Influences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9--16
Geof Bowker and
Richard Giordano Interview with Tom Kilburn . . . . . . . 17
P. T. Saunders Alan Turing and Biology . . . . . . . . 33--36
Geoffrey Tweedale A Manchester Computer Pioneer: Ferranti
in Retrospect . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37--43
Simon H. Lavington Manchester Computer Architectures,
1948--75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44--54
Richard Giordano Institutional Change and Regeneration: a
Biography of the Computer Science
Department at the University of
Manchester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55--62
Eric A. Weiss Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Peggy A. Kidwell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
J. A. N. Lee About this Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
William Aspray From IEEE's Perspective . . . . . . . . 4
John Todd Comments, Queries, and Debate: Alwin
Walther (1898--1967) . . . . . . . . . . 5--6
James L. McKenney and
Amy Weaver Fisher Manufacturing the ERMA Banking System:
Lessons from History . . . . . . . . . . 7--26
John von Neumann First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC . . 28--75
Judy E. O'Neill Happenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
James E. Tomayko Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79--83
Eric A. Weiss Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Peggy A. Kidwell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Anonymous 1993 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
J. A. N. Lee About this Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Gregory D. Crowe and
Seymour E. Goodman S. A. Lebedev and the Birth of Soviet
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--24
W. Barkley Fritz ENIAC --- a Problem Solver . . . . . . . 25--45
Boelie Elzen and
Donald MacKenzie The Social Limits of Speed: The
Development and Use of Supercomputers 46--61
Jon Eklund The Reservisor Automated Airline
Reservation System: Combining
Communications and Computing . . . . . . 62--69
Judy E. O'Neill Happenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Eric A. Weiss Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Peggy A. Kidwell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Frode Weierud Reviews: \em Codebreakers: The Inside
Story of Bletchley Park --- a Book
Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78--79
Michael R. Williams UTEC and Ferut: The University of
Toronto's Computation Centre . . . . . . 4--24
J. N. Patterson Hume Development of Systems Software for the
Ferut Computer at the University of
Toronto, 1952 to 1955 . . . . . . . . . 13--19
John Vardalas From DATAR to the FP-6000: Technological
Change in a Canadian Industrial Context 20--30
Alan Dornian ReserVec: Trans-Canada Air Lines'
Computerized Reservation System . . . . 31--42
Linda Petiot Dirty Gertie: The DRTE Computer . . . . 43--52
B. A. Griffith My early days in Toronto . . . . . . . . 55--64
Eric A. Weiss Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55--64
Peggy A. Kidwell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
John A. N. Lee About this Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Arnold I. Dumey Comments, Queries, and Debate:
Scritchers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--4
Martin Campbell-Kelly Charles Babbage and the Assurance of
Lives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5--14
Jan van den Ende The Number Factory: Punched-Card
Machines at the Dutch Central Bureau of
Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15--15
David Martin Luebke and
Sybil Milton Locating the Victim: An Overview of
Census-Taking, Tabulation Technology,
and Persecution in Nazi Germany . . . . 25--25
Fred N. Krull The Origin of Computer Graphics within
General Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40--40
Geoffrey C. Bowker Happenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
James E. Tomayko Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Eric A. Weiss Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Peggy A. Kidwell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Michael R. Williams About this Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Thomas J. Bergin Special Issue on Programming Languages 4--12
Brian Randell The Origins of Computer Programming . . 6--14
Mike Cowlishaw The Early History of REXX . . . . . . . 15--24
Jan Rune Holmevik Compiling SIMULA: a Historical Study of
Technological Genesis . . . . . . . . . 25--37
Paul G. Whiting and
Robert S. V. Pascoe A History of Data-Flow Languages . . . . 38--59
William Aspray and
Bernard O. Williams Arming American Scientists: NSF and the
Provision of Scientific Computing
Facilities for Universities, 1950--1973 60--74
Geoffrey C. Bowker Happenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Eric A. Weiss Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Peggy A. Kidwell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Anonymous 1994 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
J. A. N. Lee About This Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Werner Buchholz Comments, Queries, and Debate . . . . . 4--5
Thomas M. Stout and
Theodore J. Williams Pioneering Work in the Field of Computer
Process Control . . . . . . . . . . . . 6--18
George Buck and
Steve Hunka Development of the IBM 1500
Computer-Assisted Instructional System 19--31
John A. N. Lee and
Golde Holtzman 50 Years After Breaking the Codes:
Interviews with Two of the Bletchley
Park Scientists . . . . . . . . . . . . 32--43
John McPherson New Ways of Multiplying . . . . . . . . 44--46
James C. Worthy Control Data Corporation: The Norris Era 47--53
Geoffrey Bowker Happenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54--61
James Tomayko Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61--64
Eric Weiss Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64--73
Peggy Kidwell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73--78
D. De Wit Caught between historical experience and
high hopes: automation at the Dutch
Postal Cheque and Clearing Service,
1950--1965 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9--21
J. Van Den Ende Computers and industrial organization:
early sources of `just in time'
production in the Dutch steel industry 22--32
F. W. Kistermann The way to the first automatic
sequence-controlled calculator: the 1935
DEHOMAG D 11 tabulator . . . . . . . . . 33--49
J. A. N. Lee J. Presper Eckert, 1919--1995 . . . . . 3, 5
J. A. N. Lee John V. Atanasoff, 1903--1995 . . . . . 3--3
Werner Buchholz Comments, Queries, and Debate: Editorial
Note: William Friedman . . . . . . . . . 6--6
Henry S. Tropp Comments, Queries, and Debate:
Correction: Turing's Visit to the United
States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6--6
D. Mackenzie The automation of proof: a historical
and sociological exploration . . . . . . 7--29
Anonymous Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10--10
D. G. Copeland and
R. O. Mason and
J. L. McKenney Sabre: the development of
information-based competence and
execution of information-based
competition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30--57
S. M. Greenstein Lock-in and the costs of switching
mainframe computer vendors in the US
federal government in the 1970s . . . . 58--66
H. Polachek History of the journal Mathematical
Tables and other Aids to Computation,
1959--1965 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67--74
E. Swartzlander Calculators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75--77
Earl Swartzlander Generations of calculators . . . . . . . 75--77
J. Tomayko Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
James Tomayko Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77--77
Eric Weiss Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Eric Weiss Biographies: Calvin Mooers (1919--1994) 79--81
J. A. N. Lee About this issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
E. Swartzlander Calculators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--4
R. W. Seidel Charles Babbage Institute Director's
Column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5--5
H. M. Wood Computer Society Celebrates 50 Years . . 6--6
J. A. N. Lee On ``Babbage and Kings'' and ``How
sausage was made'': and now for the rest
of the story . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7--23
J. A. N. Lee The rise and fall of the General
Electric Corporation computer department 24--45
H. R. Oldfield General Electric enters the computer
business --- revisited . . . . . . . . . 46--55
J. Couleur The core of the Black Canyon Computer
Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56--60
J. L. McKenney Developing a common machine language for
banking: the ABA technical subcommittee
story . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61--75
Judy E. O'Neill The role of ARPA in the development of
the ARPANET, 1961--1972 . . . . . . . . 76--81
M. R. Williams New EIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
M. R. Williams About This Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--4
D. Winegrad Celebrating the birth of modern
computing: the fiftieth anniversary of a
discovery at the Moore School of
Engineering of the University of
Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5--9
H. H. Goldstine and
A. Goldstine The Electronic Numerical Integrator and
Computer (ENIAC) . . . . . . . . . . . . 10--16
Mitchell Marcus and
Atsushi Akera Exploring the Architecture of an Early
Machine: The Historical Relevance of the
ENIAC Machine Architecture . . . . . . . 17--24
P. Eckstein J. Presper Eckert . . . . . . . . . . . 25--44
J. Costello As the twig is bent: the early life of
John Mauchly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45--50
D. A. Grier The ENIAC, the verb ``to program'' and
the emergence of digital computers . . . 51--55
G. Bowker Happenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56--56
Eric Weiss Obituaries: Gerard Salton . . . . . . . 67--67
K. Smillie and
E. Weiss The History of Computing Science at the
University of Alberta . . . . . . . . . 70--70
Eric Weiss Grosch Claims Title of ``Oldest Living
Computer'' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70--70
Eric Weiss Neil Wiseman Memorial Fund . . . . . . . 70--70
S. Takahashi A Brief History of the Japanese Computer
Industry Before 1985 . . . . . . . . . . 76--76
Eric Weiss Konrad Zuse Obituary . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
R. W. Seidel Guest Editor's Introduction . . . . . . 6--6
E. W. Pugh and
W. Aspray Creating the Computer Industry . . . . . 7--17
J. W. Cortada Commercial applications of the digital
computer in American corporations,
1945--1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18--29
S. W. Usselman Fostering a capacity for compromise:
business, government, and the stages of
innovation in American computing . . . . 30--39
A. L. Norberg Changing computing: the computing
community and DARPA . . . . . . . . . . 40--53
J. A. N. Lee ``Those who forget the lessons of
history are doomed to repeat it'': or,
Why I study the history of computing . . 54--62
Eric Weiss Biographies: Roger Lee Sisson . . . . . 67--70
Peggy Kidwell BYTE, 20th Anniversary Report [Reviews] 77--77
Peggy Kidwell Computing Perspectives [Reviews] . . . . 77--77
B. A. Toole Ada Byron, Lady Lovelace, an analyst and
metaphysician . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--12
W. Barkley-Fitz The Women of Eniac . . . . . . . . . . . 13--23
W. Barkley Fritz The women of ENIAC . . . . . . . . . . . 13--28
D. W. Gurer Women's contributions to early computing
at the National Bureau of Standards . . 29--35
A. Goyal Women in computing: historical roles,
the perpetual glass ceiling, and current
opportunities . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36--42
T. Estrin Women's studies and computer science:
their intersection . . . . . . . . . . . 43--46
A. Adam Constructions of gender in the history
of artificial intelligence . . . . . . . 47--53
Peggy Kidwell The Early History of Data Networks
[Reviews] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77--77
Peggy Kidwell Enigma [Reviews] . . . . . . . . . . . . 77--77
J. M. Nyce Guest Editor's Introduction . . . . . . 3--3
M. D. Bowles U.S. technological enthusiasm and
British technological skepticism in the
age of the analog brain . . . . . . . . 5--15
P. A. Holst Svein Rosseland and the Oslo analyzer 16--26
M. Johansson Early analog computers in Sweden ---
with examples from Chalmers University
of Technology and the Swedish aerospace
industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27--33
L. Owens Where are we going, Phil Morse? Changing
agendas and the rhetoric of obviousness
in the transformation of computing at
MIT, 1939--1957 . . . . . . . . . . . . 34--41
A. Tympas From digital to analog and back: the
ideology of intelligent machines in the
history of the electrical analyzer,
1870s--1960s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42--48
S. Puchta On the role of mathematics and
mathematical knowledge in the invention
of Vannevar Bush's early analog
computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49--59
J. Tomayko Computers vs. the Human Race . . . . . . 60--60
Eric Weiss Obituaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61--61
F. Preston Calculators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62--64
Coral Burns and
Natalie Simpson Comments, Queries, and Debate: Another
Difference Engine, or Who Was Berry? . . 65--65
I. J. Good and
Donald Michie Comments, Queries, and Debate: 50 Years
After Breaking the Codes: a Disclaimer 65--66
G. Bowker Happenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67--67
Peggy Kidwell Collected works of A. M. Turing ---
morphogenesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69--69
Peggy Kidwell The trouble with computers: Usefulness,
usability and productivity . . . . . . . 69--69
Peggy Kidwell Information and secrecy: Vannevar Bush,
Ultra and the other Memex . . . . . . . 70--70
Gerald J. Holzmann and
Bjorn Pehrson The Early History of Data Networks . . . ??
P. Ceruzzi Crossing the divide: architectural
issues and the emergence of the stored
program computer, 1935--1955 . . . . . . 5--12
M. V. Wilkes Arithmetic on the EDSAC . . . . . . . . 13--15
Kaila Katz Historical content in computer science
texts: a concern . . . . . . . . . . . . 16--19
S. Shapiro Splitting the difference: the historical
necessity of synthesis in software
engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20--54
G. W. Reitwiesner The first operating system for the EDVAC 55--59
Anonymous Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60--64
Anonymous Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65--73
J. A. N. Lee King of the Seven Dwarfs, General
Electric's Ambiguous Challenge to the
Computer Industry [Book Reviews] . . . . 78--79
M. Campbell-Kelly The International Computer Software
Industry: a Comparative Study of
Industry Evolution and Structure [Book
Reviews] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79--79
R. W. Seidel Knowing Machines: Essays on Technical
Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79--80
Anonymous A Bibliographic Guide to the History of
Computer Applications, 1950--1990 [Book
Reviews] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--80
Anonymous The Colossus of Bletchley Park, IEEE
Rev., vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 55--59 [Book
Reviews] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--80
Anonymous I Sing the Body Electronic: a Year With
Microsoft on the Multimedia Frontier
[Book Reviews] . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--80
Anonymous The World's Largest Machine: Global
Telecommunications and the Human
Condition [Book Reviews] . . . . . . . . 80--80
R. Rojas Konrad Zuse's legacy: the architecture
of the Z1 and Z3 . . . . . . . . . . . . 5--16
Wolfgang K. Giloi Konrad Zuse's Plankalkül: the first
high-level, ``non von Neumann''
programming language . . . . . . . . . . 17--24
H. Polachek Before the ENIAC [weapons firing table
calculations] . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25--30
F. W. Kistermann Locating the victims: the nonrole of
punched card technology and census work 31--45
H. D. Huskey and
R. Thorensen and
B. F. Ambrosio and
E. C. Yowell The SWAC design features and operating
experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46--50
H. D. Huskey SWAC --- Standards Western Automatic
Computer: the Pioneer Day session at NCC
July 1978 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51--61
E. Kaplan Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62--69
R. B. Forest Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70--73
Peggy Kidwell Review: Nicolas Bion: The Construction
and Principal Uses of Mathematical
Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--83
W. Aspray The Intel 4004 microprocessor: what
constituted invention? . . . . . . . . . 4--15
S. B. Barnes Douglas Carl Engelbart: developing the
underlying concepts for contemporary
computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16--26
J. W. Cortada Economic preconditions that made
possible application of commercial
computing in the United States . . . . . 27--40
D. MacKenzie and
G. Pottinger Mathematics, technology, and trust:
formal verification, computer security,
and the U.S. military . . . . . . . . . 41--59
J. Yates Early interactions between the life
insurance and computer industries: the
Prudential's Edmund C. Berkeley . . . . 60--73
Peggy Kidwell Review: David G. Stork, Ed., HAL's
Legacy: 2001's Computer as Dream and
Reality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78--78
M. R. Williams About this Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--4
R. L. Baber Comparison of electrical ``engineering''
of Heaviside's times and software
``engineering'' of our times . . . . . . 5--17
D. A. Grier Gertrude Blanch of the Mathematical
Tables Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18--27
L. Heide Shaping a technology: American punched
card systems 1880--1914 . . . . . . . . 28--41
J. King and
W. A. Shelly A family history of Honeywell's
large-scale computer systems . . . . . . 42--46
N. Holmes A tale of assembly . . . . . . . . . . . 47--49
Anand V. Raman The Katapayadi Formula and the Modern
Hashing Technique . . . . . . . . . . . 49--52
P. Wolcott and
M. N. Dorojevets The Institute of Precision Mechanics and
Computer Technology and the El'brus
family of high-speed computers . . . . . 4--14
A. P. Speiser IBM Research Laboratory Zurich: The
Early Years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15--28
G. C. Stierhoff and
A. G. Davis A history of the IBM Systems Journal . . 29--35
L. Johnson A view from the 1960s: how the software
industry began . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36--42
J. A. Postley Mark IV: evolution of the software
product, a memoir . . . . . . . . . . . 43--50
Anonymous Obituary Mina S. Rees . . . . . . . . . 65--66
R. Otnes The Calcumeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67--69
F. W. Kistermann Blaise Pascal's adding machine: new
findings and conclusions . . . . . . . . 69--76
A. Akera Building IBM: Shaping An Industry And
Its Technologies [Reviews] . . . . . . . 81--82
J. W. Cortada The timetable of computers: a chronology
of the most important people and events
in the history of computers [Review] . . 82--83
J. Nunemacher and
P. Kidwell Selected Papers On Computer Science . . 82--83
R. A. Kirsch SEAC and the start of image processing
at the National Bureau of Standards . . 7--13
D. Bissell Was the IDIIOM the first stand-alone CAD
platform? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14--19
K. K. Fallon Early computer graphics developments in
the architecture, engineering and
construction industry . . . . . . . . . 20--29
T. Wright History and technology of computer fonts 30--34
J. Bloomenthal and
R. E. Barnhill and
B. A. Barsky and
P. Bezier and
R. Forrest and
N. Max and
D. M. Palyka and
D. F. Rogers and
H. Rushmeier and
A. R. Smith and
R. Stock and
N. M. Thalmann and
D. Thalmann Graphics remembrances . . . . . . . . . 35--51
B. Wyvill Experiences With Computer Graphics in
the United Kingdom in the 1970's . . . . 52--54
C. E. McTiernan The ENIAC patent . . . . . . . . . . . . 54--58, 80
J. Lee Richard F. Clippinger: 1913--1997 . . . 59--59
Jan Lee Richard Wesley Hamming: 1915--1998 . . . 60--62
E. A. Weiss Helmut Hoelzer: 1912--1996 . . . . . . . 62--63
H. A. Simon Allen Newell: 1927--1992 . . . . . . . . 63--76
G. C. Bowker IEEE Computer Society Awards . . . . . . 79--80
G. C. Bowker 1998 IEEE Medal of Honor . . . . . . . . 80--80
C. Machover An Interview With Andries Van Dam . . . 81--84
B. J. Shelburne and
C. P. Burton Early programs on the Manchester Mark I
Prototype . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--15
G. Gray and
R. Smith Sperry Rand's transistor computers . . . 16--26
I. B. Cohen Howard Aiken on the number of computers
needed for the nation . . . . . . . . . 27--32
D. A. Grier The Math Tables Project of the work
projects administration: the reluctant
start of the computing era . . . . . . . 33--50
R. Rojas How to make Zuse's Z3 a universal
computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51--54
J. C. Logue From vacuum tubes to very large scale
integration: a personal memoir . . . . . 55--68
Anonymous Biographies, John Mourice McClean
Pinkerton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69--71
B. Flamm Calculators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--73
Anonymous Larry Owens wins IEEE Life Member Prize
for his Annals article on MIT . . . . . 76--76
N. M. Swerdlow Calendrical Calculations [Reviews] . . . 78--78
Frederick Nebeker Electronic Inventions and Discoveries:
Electronics from its Earliest Beginnings
to the present day [Reviews] . . . . . . 79--79
A. L. Norberg Trapped in the Net: The unanticipated
consequences of computerization
[Reviews] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79--80
Peggy A. Kidwell Stalking the elusive computer bug . . . 5--9
M. R. (Michael R.) Williams The ``Last Word'' on Charles Babbage . . 10--14
J. P. Eckert, Jr. A survey of digital computer memory
systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15--28
A. G. Bromley Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine,
1838 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29--45
M. Campbell-Kelly Programming the EDSAC: early programming
activity at the University of Cambridge 46--67
J. Backus The history of Fortran I, II, and III 68--78
M. R. Williams Alternate Sources of History . . . . . . 79--80
J. Impagliazzo and
M. Campbell-Kelly and
G. Davies and
J. A. N. Lee History in the computing curriculum . . 4--16
J. Howlett The Atlas Computer Laboratory . . . . . 17--23
R. N. Ibbett The University of Manchester MU5 project 24--33
J. S. Rohl The influence of programming languages
on the design of MU5 . . . . . . . . . . 34--37
P. T. Kirstein Early experiences with the Arpanet and
Internet in the United Kingdom . . . . . 38--44
J. E. Tomayko Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45--47
J. A. N. Lee Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48--65
W. L. Zwerman Profession/occupation without a history 66--70
D. A. Grier Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 71--75
Peggy Kidwell Engines of the mind: the evolution of
computer from mainframes to
microprocessors . . . . . . . . . . . . 76--77
Peggy Kidwell Darwin among the machines: The evolution
of global intelligence . . . . . . . . . 77--78
Peggy Kidwell Book Review: Michael Riordan and Lillian
Doddeson, Crystal fire: the birth of the
information age . . . . . . . . . . . . 78--78
Peggy Kidwell Journey to the moon: the history of the
Apollo Guidance Computer . . . . . . . . 78--79
J. Brosveet IBM salesman meets Norwegian tax
collector: computer entrepreneurs in the
making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5--13
M. Johansson Big Blue gets beaten: the technological
and political controversy of the first
large Swedish computerization project in
a rhetoric of technology perspective . . 14--30
P. V. Kluver From research institute to computer
company: Regnecentralen 1946--1964 . . . 31--43
M. Vehvilainen Gender and computing in retrospect: the
case of Finland . . . . . . . . . . . . 44--51
P.-A. Persson Transformation of the analog: the case
of the Saab BT 33 artillery fire control
simulator and the introduction of the
digital computer as control technology 52--64
F. W. Kistermann When could anyone have seen Leibniz's
stepped wheel? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68--72
S. P. Prokhorov Computers in Russia: science, education,
and industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--15
S. V. Klimenko Computer science in Russia: a personal
view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16--30
L. Telksnys and
A. Zilinskas Computers in Lithuania . . . . . . . . . 31--37
J. Dujnic and
N. Fristacky and
L. Molnar and
I. Plander and
B. Rovan On the history of computer science,
computer engineering, and computer
technology development in Slovakia . . . 38--48
Z. Szentgyorgyi A short history of computing in Hungary 49--57
Anonymous History of computer developments in
Romania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58--60
G. K. Stolyarov Computers in Belarus: chronology of the
main events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61--70
Anonymous Robert John Lansdown . . . . . . . . . . 66--67
Anonymous John Lions [obituary] . . . . . . . . . 67--67
Anonymous Charles E. Molnar [obituary] . . . . . . 67--69
Anonymous Jonathan Postel . . . . . . . . . . . . 69--70
J. Guice James A. Anderson and Edward Rosenfeld,
Eds., \em Talking Nets: An Oral History
of Neural Networks [Book Review] . . . . 75--75
K. Smilie David Ewing Duncan, \em Calendar:
Humanity's Epic Struggle to Determine a
True and Accurate Year [Book Review] . . 75--75
A. Tympas Paul Levinson, The Soft Edge: A Natural
History and Future of the Information
Revolution [Book Review] . . . . . . . . 76--76
T. J. Misa Susanne K. Schmidt and Raymund Werle,
\em Coordinating Technology: Studies in
the International Standardization of
Telecommunications [Book Review] . . . . 76--77
W. Aspray Command and control, documentation, and
library science: the origins of
information science at the University of
Pittsburgh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--20
G. H. Buck and
S. M. Hunka W. Stanley Jevons, Allan Marquand, and
the origins of digital computing . . . . 21--27
G. De Marco and
G. Mainetto and
S. Pisani and
P. Savino The early computers of Italy . . . . . . 28--36
S. I. Gass Project Mercury's man-in-space real-time
computer system: ``you have a go, at
least seven orbits'' . . . . . . . . . . 37--48
J. R. Harris The earliest solid-state digital
computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49--54
L. C. Brown Flyable TRADIC: the first airborne
transistorized digital computer . . . . 55--61
F. W. Kistermann Leo Wenzel Pollak (1888--1964):
Czechoslovakian pioneer in scientific
data processing . . . . . . . . . . . . 62--68
Anonymous Overcoming pilot-induced oscillations in
the space shuttle . . . . . . . . . . . 69--70
M. Croarken Case 5,656: L. J. Comrie and the origins
of the Scientific Computing Service Ltd. 70--71
G. E. Meyers IBM field engineering experiences: a
personal memoir . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--76
Peggy Aldrich Kidwell Departments --- Reviews --- Electronic
Genie Rescuing Prometheus; Forbes'
Greatest Technology Stories; Information
Ages; The Mathematical Theory of
Communication; LEO: The Incredible Story
of the World's First Business; Computer
Architects of the Information Society;
Cryptologia; The Supply of Information
Technology Workers in the US . . . . . . 81--84
T. M. Smith Thomas P. Hughes, \em Rescuing
Prometheus [Book Review] . . . . . . . . 82--82
J. A. N. Lee Jeffrey Young, \em Forbes' Greatest
Technology Stories [Book Review] . . . . 82--83
J. W. Birkenstock Pioneering: on the frontier of
electronic data processing, a personal
memoir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--47
D. A. Grier Agricultural computing and the context
for John Atanasoff . . . . . . . . . . . 48--61
J. A. N. Lee Howard Aiken's third machine: the Howard
Mark III calculator or Aiken-Dahlgren
electronic calculator . . . . . . . . . 62--81
J. E. Tomayko Ida Rhodes and the dreams of a human
computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82--85
J. A. N. Lee Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86--87
K. Smillie Mapping time. the calendar and its
history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88--89
M. Croarken Howard Aiken: portrait of a computer
pioneer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89--89
E. A. Weiss Magnetic recording, the first 100 years 90--90
R. W. Seidel Feynman and computation: exploring the
limits of computers . . . . . . . . . . 90--91
Peggy A. Kidwell The adding machine fraternity at St.
Louis: creating a center of invention,
1880--1920 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--21
E. C. Hall From the farm to pioneering with digital
control computers: an autobiography . . 22--31
D. A. Grier and
M. Campbell A social history of Bitnet and Listserv,
1985--1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32--41
G. Estrin Computer network-based scientific
collaboration in the energy research
community, 1973--1977: a memoir . . . . 42--52
J. A. N. Lee and
G. E. Snively The rise and sale of the General
Electric Computer Department: a further
look . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53--60
J. E. Tomayko Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61--66
J. A. N. Lee Obituary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67--68
Peggy A. Kidwell Making microchips: policy,
globalization, and economic
restructuring in the semiconductor
industry [Reviews] . . . . . . . . . . . 75--76
Peggy A. Kidwell In the beginning: recollections of
software pioneers [Reviews] . . . . . . 76--77
Peggy A. Kidwell Legal battles that shaped the computer
industry [Reviews] . . . . . . . . . . . 77--77
Peggy A. Kidwell Nerds 2.0.1: a brief history of the
Internet [Reviews] . . . . . . . . . . . 77--79
Peggy A. Kidwell Cryptonomicon [Reviews] . . . . . . . . 79--79
Peggy A. Kidwell Illustrators on the computer [Reviews] 80--80
Peggy A. Kidwell The near impossibility of making a
microchip [Reviews] . . . . . . . . . . 80--80
Peggy A. Kidwell Poor little Lisa, invention and
technology [Reviews] . . . . . . . . . . 80--80
Peggy A. Kidwell The Swiss Nema cipher machine [Reviews] 80--80
Peggy A. Kidwell Sorting things out: classification and
its consequences [Reviews] . . . . . . . 80--80
Peggy A. Kidwell Why you need to understand Y2k [Reviews] 80--80
J. Aris Inventing systems engineering [LEO] . . 4--15
F. Land The first business computer: a case
study in user-driven innovation . . . . 16--26
J. A. N. Lee and
C. Burke and
D. Anderson The US Bombes, NCR, Joseph Desch, and
600 WAVES: the first reunion of the US
Naval Computing Machine Laboratory . . . 27--41
W. Aspray Was early entry a competitive advantage?
US universities that entered computing
in the 1940s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42--87
A. Fitzpatrick and
M. Croarken Events and sightings . . . . . . . . . . 88--92
Tim Bergin About This Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Michael R. Williams Allan Bromley . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Maurice V. Wilkes Introduction to ``Babbage's Analytical
Engine Plans 28 and 28a --- The
Programmer's Interface'' by Allan
Bromley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--5
Allan G. Bromley Babbage's Analytical Engine Plans 28 and
28a. The programmer's interface . . . . 5--19
Martin Campbell-Kelly Charles Babbage eulogy . . . . . . . . . 20--21
Nathaniel Shatswell Dodge Charles Babbage Eulogy (from the
Smithsonian Annual Report of 1873) . . . 22--43
Mary Croarken and
Martin Campbell-Kelly Beautiful numbers: the rise and decline
of the British Association Mathematical
Tables Committee, 1871--1965 . . . . . . 44--61
Anonymous Reviews: Peggy Aldrich Kidwell: The
Cogwheel Brain: Charles Babbage and the
Quest to Build the First Computer:
Endless Frontier: Vannevar Bush,
Engineer of the American Century:
Dorothy Hodgkin: a Life: ENIAC: The
Triumphs and Tragedies of the World's
First Computer: Inventing the Internet:
Meaning in Technology . . . . . . . . . 62--63
M. V. Wilkes The cogwheel brain: Charles Babbage and
the quest to build the first computer
[Book Review] . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62--63
M. Riordan Endless frontier: Vannevar Bush,
engineer of the American century [Book
Review] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64--64
M. Croarken Dorothy Hodgkin: a life . . . . . . . . 65--65
A. Akera ENIAC: the triumphs and tragedies of the
world's first computer [Book Review] . . 65--66
H. D. Wallace Inventing the Internet [Book Review] . . 66--67
R. C. Post Meaning in technology [Book Review] . . 67--68
W. Buchholz and
M. Wilkes Was Babbage caught in the act? . . . . . 69--70
Maurice Wilkes Comments, Queries, and Debates: Was
Babbage caught in the act? . . . . . . . 69--70
Fred R. Shapiro Comments, Queries, and Debates: Origin
of the term ``personal computer'':
evidence from the JSTOR electronic
journal archive . . . . . . . . . . . . 70--71
J. A. N. Lee Ada Augusta, Countess of Lovelace,
1815--1852 what was her family name? . . 72--73
James Tomayko Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--73
Anne Fitzpatrick and
Mary Croarken Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 77
Anonymous 2000 Annual Index: Complete author and
subject listings . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
David Alan Grier Think Piece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Tim Bergin About This Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
George T. Gray and
Ronald Q. Smith Sperry Rand's Third-Generation Computers
1964--1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--16
Robert Doyle The US Navy's First Online Crypto System 17--21
Anonymous A Career Interview with Bernie Galler 22--33
James W. Cortada Using Textual Demographics to Understand
Computer Use: 1950--1990 . . . . . . . . 34--56
Anne Fitzpatrick and
Mary Croarken Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 57--61
Peggy Aldrich Kidwell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62--63
J. A. N. Lee Biographies: [Obituaries: John Weber
Carr III & Joan Elisabeth Lowther Clarke
Murray] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67--75
Guy Tremblay Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76--79
Friedrich W. Kistermann Calculators: How to Use the Schickard
Calculator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--85
J. A. N. Lee Biographies: Obituaries: [John W.
Haanstra] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82--87
Paul N. Edwards Think Piece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88--87
Tim Bergin About This Issue/From the Editor's Desk 2
Alvy Ray Smith Digital Paint Systems: An Anecdotal and
Historical Overview . . . . . . . . . . 4--30
Richard Shoup SuperPaint: An Early Frame Buffer
Graphics System . . . . . . . . . . . . 32--37
David Alan Grier The Rise and Fall of the Committee on
Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to
Computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38--49
Michael R. Williams Calvin Mooers, the NOL Computer Project,
and John Vincent Atanasoff: An
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50--51
Calvin N. Mooers The Computer Project at the Naval
Ordnance Laboratory . . . . . . . . . . 51
Anne Fitzpatrick and
Mary Croarken Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 68--73
Peggy Aldrich Kidwell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74--75
David Alan Grier Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78--79
J. A. N. Lee Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
James Cortada Think Piece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Tim Bergin About This Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 2--2
Peggy Aldrich Kidwell `Yours for Improvement' --- The Adding
Machines of Chicago, 1884--1930 . . . . 3--21
M. M. Irvine Early Digital Computers at Bell
Telephone Laboratories . . . . . . . . . 22--42
George R. Trimble, Jr. A Brief History of Computing: Memoirs of
Living on the Edge . . . . . . . . . . . 44--59
Robert V. Head Univac: a Philadelphia Story . . . . . . 60--63
Robert V. Head ERMA's Lost Battalion . . . . . . . . . 64--72
Peter J. Denning Origin of Virtual Machines and Other
Virtualities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73--73
Anonymous Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 74--77
M. Campbell-Kelly Charles Babbage and the engines of
perfection [Reviews] . . . . . . . . . . 78--78
K. Smillie The complete story of codebreaking in
World War II [Reviews] . . . . . . . . . 78--79
Peggy Kidwell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78--81
J. A. N. Lee Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82--86
Janet Abbate Hands on the Machine . . . . . . . . . . 88, 87
William Aspray Adelle and Erwin Tomash: Honoring a
Couple's Contributions to Computer
History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2--3
William Aspray Erwin Tomash: His Life and Work . . . . 4--11
Arthur L. Norberg A Perspective on the History of the
Charles Babbage Institute and the
Charles Babbage Foundation . . . . . . . 12--23
Jeffrey R. Yost CBI/Tomash Fellowship: Sponsoring a
Generation of Scholars in the History of
Information Processing . . . . . . . . . 24--28
Bruce H. Bruemmer and
Elisabeth Kaplan Realizing the Concept: a History of the
CBI Archives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29--38
Michael R. Williams Building a World-Class Book Collection:
The Tomash Library . . . . . . . . . . . 39--43
Martin Campbell-Kelly The Charles Babbage Institute Reprint
Series for the History of Computing . . 44--48
Paul E. Ceruzzi A View from 20 Years as a Historian of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49--55
Nathan L. Ensmenger The `Question of Professionalism' in the
Computer Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . 56--74
Thomas Haigh The Chromium-Plated Tabulator:
Institutionalizing an Electronic
Revolution, 1954--1958 . . . . . . . . . 75--104
William Aspray Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 105--106
Anonymous Annual Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107--108
Tim Bergin From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--2
Burton Grad and
Luanne Johnson The Start of the Software Products
Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--4
Thomas Haigh Software in the 1960s as Concept,
Service, and Product . . . . . . . . . . 5--13
Luanne Johnson Creating the Software Industry:
Recollections of Software Company
Founders of the 1960s . . . . . . . . . 14--42
Martin Goetz Memoirs of a Software Pioneer: Part I 43--56
Emerson W. Pugh Origins of Software Bundling . . . . . . 57--58
Watts S. Humphrey Software Unbundling: a Personal
Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59--63
Burton Grad A Personal Recollection: IBM's
Unbundling of Software and Services . . 64--71
James W. Cortada Researching the History of Software from
the 1960s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--79
Anonymous Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--89
Anonymous Events and Sightings: Web Extra: CBI
Conference --- ``Unbundling history: The
emergence of the software product'' . . 90--94
Martin Campbell-Kelly Think Piece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96, 95
Tim Bergin From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--2
Rebecca Graham and
W. Boyd Rayward Guest Editors' Introduction: Computer
Applications in Libraries, Part 1 . . . 3--3
W. Boyd Rayward A History of Computer Applications in
Libraries: Prolegomena . . . . . . . . . 4--15
Robert V. Williams The Use of Punched Cards in US Libraries
and Documentation Centers, 1936--1965 16--33
Sally H. McCallum MARC: Keystone for Library Automation 34--49
Ritvars Bregzis and
Calvin Gotlieb and
Carole Moore The Beginning of Automation in the
University of Toronto Library,
1963--1972 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50--70
Alvan Bregman and
Robert H. Burger Library Automation at the University of
Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
1965--2000: a Case Study of
Technological and Organizational
Validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71--85
Anne Fitzpatrick Anecdotes: a well-intentioned query and
the Halloween Problem . . . . . . . . . 86--89
Peggy Aldrich Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94--99
K. Smillie Book Review: Turing and the universal
machine: the making of the modern
computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95--95
Anonymous Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 100--103
Jonathan Coopersmith Membership Has Its Partisans . . . . . . 104, 103
Deanna B. Marcum Automating the Library: The Council on
Library Resources . . . . . . . . . . . 2--13
Cheryl Knott Malone Imagining Information Retrieval in the
Library: Desk Set in Historical Context 14--22
Jim Segesta and
Keith Reid-Green Harley Tillitt and Computerized Library
Searching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23--34
José-Marie Griffiths and
Donald W. King US Information Retrieval System
Evolution and Evaluation . . . . . . . . 35--55
Colin Burke The Ford Foundation's Search for an
American Library Laboratory . . . . . . 56--74
Rebecca Graham Guest Editor's Conclusion: Reflections
on the Evolution of Library Computing 75--78
Anonymous Remembering the LFK Network . . . . . . 79--81
Anonymous Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 82--84
Ralph Erskine and
Philip Marks and
Frode Weierud Letter to the Editor: Review of US
Bombes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85--87
Martin Campbell-Kelly Twin Pillars of Computing . . . . . . . 88, 87
Tim Bergin About This Issue/From the Editor's Desk 2--2
Gerald Estrin Reconfigurable Computer Origins: The
UCLA Fixed-Plus-Variable (F+V) Structure
Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--9
Keith S. Reid-Green Three early algorithms: [Bresenham's
line-drawing algorithm; a square-root
algorithm; Machin's algorithm:
computation of $ \pi $] . . . . . . . . 10--13
Martin Goetz Memoirs of a Software Pioneer: Part 2 14--31
Robert V. Head Getting Sabre off the Ground . . . . . . 32--39
Anne Fitzpatrick Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40--44
David Alan Grier Letters to the Editor . . . . . . . . . 45--47
Peggy Kidwell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48--52
J. A. N. Lee Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53--55
Mary Croarken and
Nathan Ensmenger Events & Sightings . . . . . . . . . . . 56--59
Anonymous 2002 Annual Index . . . . . . . . . . . 60--61
Paul Ceruzzi Datamation, Annals, Slashdot, and
Tomorrow's History . . . . . . . . . . . 72, 71
Tim Bergin About This Issue/From the Editor's Desk 2--3
Donald E. Eckdahl and
Irving S. Reed and
Hrant H. (Harold) Sarkissian West Coast Contributions to the
Development of the General-Purpose
Computer: Building Maddida and the
Founding of Computer Research
Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--33
Michael R. Williams and
Erwin Tomash The Sector: Its History, Scales, and
Uses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34--47
Adele Mildred Koss Programming on the Univac 1: a Woman's
Account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48--59
Robert V. Head Working in the House that FACT Built . . 60--64
Mary Croarken and
Nathan Ensmenger Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 65--69
Anonymous Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70--71
S. Berkovich Anecdotes: Reminiscences of
superconductive associative memory
research in the former Soviet Union . . 72--75
Anne Fitzpatrick Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--79
J. A. N. Lee and
Thomas Haigh Biographies: Per Brinch Hansen . . . . . 80--83
Sara Outterson Obituary: Edward Louis Glaser
[1929--1991] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83--87
Burton Grad Preserving the Software Industry's Past 88, 3
Thomas Haigh and
Maurice Wilkes Biographies: Obituary: I. Bernard Cohen 89--92
Tim Bergin About This Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 2--2
David Tresman Caminer Behind the Curtain at LEO: a Personal
Reminiscence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--13
C. A. R. Hoare Assertions: a Personal Perspective . . . 14--25
Cliff B. Jones The Early Search for Tractable Ways of
Reasoning about Programs . . . . . . . . 26--49
George T. Gray and
Ronald Q. Smith Before the B5000: Burroughs Computers,
1951--1963 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50--61
Zbigniew Stachniak The Making of the MCM/70 Microcomputer 62--75
Mary Croarken and
Nathan Ensmenger Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 76--79
Anne Fitzpatrick Anecdotes [Developing Telnet's
negotiated options] . . . . . . . . . . 80--82
D. Spicer They dream tomorrow: a portrait of Ada
Lovelace [Book Review] . . . . . . . . . 83--83
F. Seitz True genius: The life and science of
John Bardeen [Book Review] . . . . . . . 83--84
Raul Rojas Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83--85
Thomas Haigh Biographies [Building the Manchester
differential analyzers: a personal
reflection] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86--92
Jennifer S. Light Before the Internet, There Was Cable . . 96, 94--95
Tim Bergin About This Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Don Black and
Walter Dickson Jones Watson and Me: a Life at IBM . . . . . . 4--18
Sherman N. Mullin Into Digital Computing through the Back
Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20--28
Joe F. Moore Creating Profit with Computers: My Life
as CEO of Bonner & Moore Associates . . . 30--47
Mary Croarken Tabulating the Heavens: Computing the
\em Nautical Almanac in 18th-Century
England . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48--61
Chigusa Ishikawa Kita J. C. R. Licklider's Vision for the IPTO 62--77
Mary Croarken and
Nathan Ensmenger Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 78--81
Anne Fitzpatrick Anecdotes: On the origins of :-) . . . . 82--83
A. J. Field Networking the world [Book Review] . . . 83--83
S. B. Barnes Bootstrapping: Douglas Engelbart,
coevolution, and the origins of personal
computing [Book Review] . . . . . . . . 84--85
Raul Rojas Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84--89
Solomon Polachek Biographies: Obituary: Harry Polachek
[1913--2002] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90--92
Thomas Haigh Biographies: [Obituaries: Rob Kling
[1944--2003]] . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92--94
David Alan Grier The Great Machine Theory of History . . 96, 95
Tim Bergin From the Editor's Desk: Some Final
Thoughts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Janet Abbate Guest Editor's Introduction: Women and
Gender in the History of Computing . . . 4--8
Mary Croarken Mary Edwards: Computing for a Living in
18th-Century England . . . . . . . . . . 9--15
John Fuegi and
Jo Francis Lovelace & Babbage and the Creation of
the 1843 `Notes' . . . . . . . . . . . . 16--26
Elizabeth Phillips Williams A Systems Analyst's Computer Watch:
1943--2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27--39
Adele Mildred Koss Programming at Burroughs and Philco in
the 1950s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40--50
Scott M. Campbell Beatrice Helen Worsley: Canada's Female
Computer Pioneer . . . . . . . . . . . . 51--62
Valerie A. G. Macduff Half a Lifetime in Computing:
Experiences in Zambia, Britain, and
Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64--66
Linda Stepulevage Computer-Based Office Work: Stories of
Gender, Design, and Use . . . . . . . . 67--72
Mary Croarken and
Nathan Ensmenger and
David Alan Grier and
Frederik Nebeker and
David Anderson Events & Sightings . . . . . . . . . . . 73--77
Anne Fitzpatrick and
Janet Abbate and
Frank S. Preston and
Lucy Slater and
Mary Lee Berners-Lee and
Jean Sammet and
Dame Stephanie Shirley and
Ruzena Bajcsy and
Ann Hardy and
Adele Goldberg and
Anita Borg Anecdotes: How did you first get into
computing? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78--88
Thomas Haigh and
Maurice Wilkes Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89--92
Paul E. Ceruzzi Book Review: Diana H. Hook and Jeremy M.
Norman, with contributions by Michael R.
Williams, Origins of Cyberspace: A
Library History of Computing,
Networking, and Telecommunications,
historyofscience.com, 2002, ISBN
0-930405-85-4, 670 pp. . . . . . . . . . 93--93
Jonathan Reed Winkler Book Review: Ken Beauchamp, A History of
Telegraphy, IEE History of Technology
Series no. 26, IEE Press, 2001, ISBN
085-296-7926, xxiv + 413 pp., \$95.00} 93--94
Robin Morris Book Review: Ross Knox Bassett, To the
Digital Age: Research Labs, Start-up
Companies and the Rise of MOS
Technology, Johns Hopkins University
Press, 2002, ISBN 0-8018-6809-2, 421
pp., \$44.95} . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94--96
Tim Bergin Book Review: Christine A. Finn, An
Archeologist's Year in Silicon Valley,
MIT Press, 2001, ISBN 0-262-06224-0,
\$24.95 (hardcover).} . . . . . . . . . 96--96
Keith Smillie Book Review: Severo M. Ornstein,
Computing in the Middle Ages: A View
from the Trenches 1955--1983, 1st Books
Library, 2002, ISBN 1-4033-1517-5, 274
pp., \$14.95} . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96--96
Anonymous IEEE Annals of the History of Computing,
2003 Annual Index, Volume 25 . . . . . . 97--103
David Alan Grier The Computer: From John von Neumann to
Irma S. Rombauer . . . . . . . . . . . . 104, 103
David Alan Grier From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Bernard A. Galler Annals: How the First Issue Came to Be 4--7
Michael S. Mahoney Finding a History for Software
Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8--19
Philip L. Frana Before the Web There Was Gopher . . . . 20--41
Anthony Ralston Four Editions and Eight Publishers: a
History of the Encyclopedia of Computer
Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42--52
James W. Cortada How Did Computing Go Global? The Need
for an Answer and a Research Agenda . . 53--58
Anne Fitzpatrick and
Joe E. Rogers and
Bob Bemer Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59--67
Mary Croarken and
Dorian Rutter and
Tony Mann and
Alex Fedorec and
Brian Wichmann Events & Sightings . . . . . . . . . . . 68--70
S. Gerovitch Between Human and Machine: Feedback,
Control, and Computing Before
Cybernetics [Book Review] . . . . . . . 71--73
Raul Rojas and
Jon Agar and
Slava Gerovitch and
Ross Bassett and
Tim Bergin and
Nathan L. Ensmenger and
Kenneth Lipartito and
J. A. N. Lee Reviews: Pamela J. Hinds and Sara
Kiesler (eds.), \em Distributed Work,
MIT Press, 2002, ISBN 0-262-08305-1;
David Mindell, \em Between Human and
Machine: Feedback, Control, and
Computing Before Cybernetics, Johns
Hopkins University Press, 2002, ISBN
0-801-86895-5; Jeffrey Zygmont, \em
Microchip: An Idea, Its Genesis, and the
Revolution It Created, Peresus
Publishing, 2003, ISBN 0-7382-0561-3;
Atsushi Akera and Frederick Nebeker,
eds., \em From 0 to 1: An Authoritative
History of Modern Computing, Oxford
Univ. Press, 2002, ISBN 0-19-514025-7;
Martin Campbell-Kelly, \em From Airline
Reservations to Sonic the Hedgehog, MIT
Press, 2003, ISBN 0-262-03303-8; Narain
Gehani, \em Bell Labs: Life in the Crown
Jewel, Silicon Press, 2003, ISBN
0-929306-27-9; \em Smart Computing,
People in Computing: Biographies of
Technology's Pioneers (Computing
Encyclopedia), vol. 5, Sandhill
Publishing Company, 2002 . . . . . . . . 71--77
Thomas Haigh Biographies: ADAPSO and the Service
Bureau Industry, 1961--1968; Bernard
``Bernie'' Goldstein; Frank Lautenberg 78--93
Nathan Ensmenger Power to the People: Toward a Social
History of Computing . . . . . . . . . . 96, 94--95
David Alan Grier From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--2
Allan Jones Five 1951 BBC Broadcasts on Automatic
Calculating Machines . . . . . . . . . . 3--15
Robert V. Head Datamation's Glory Days . . . . . . . . 16--21
Albert J. Henry and
Henry Venture and
Glenn E. Bugos Sydis and the Voice/Data Terminal Craze
of 1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22--33
Saul Rosen Recollections of the Philco Transac
S-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34--47
John R. Rice and
Saul Rosen Computer Sciences at Purdue
University---1962 to 2000 . . . . . . . 48--61
Keith Smillie People, Languages, and Computers: a
Short Memoir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62--74
Thomas Haigh Biographies: Robert W Floyd, in Memoriam 75--83
Anonymous Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 84--85
Laurie Robertson Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86--89
Raul Rojas Raul Rojas, Encyclopedia of Computers
and Computer History [Book Review] . . . 90--90
R. Rojas Karl E. Ganzhorn, The IBM Laboratories
Boeblingen Foundation and Build-Up: A
Personal Review [Book Review] . . . . . 90--91
Anonymous Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90--93
Greg Downey Jumping Contexts of Space and Time . . . 96, 94--95
Anonymous From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Karl E. Ganzhorn The Buildup of the IBM Boeblingen
Laboratory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--19
Karl E. Ganzhorn IBM Boeblingen Laboratory: Product
Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20--30
Albert Endres IBM Boeblingen's Early Software
Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31--41
Mario Aloisio The Calculation of Easter Day, and the
Origin and Use of the Word Computer . . 42--49
Hans Neukom Early Use of Computers in Swiss Banks 50--59
Dan Campbell Events & Sightings . . . . . . . . . . . 60--64
David Alan Grier Letters to the Editor . . . . . . . . . 66--68
Laurie Robertson Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70--77
Raul Rojas Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78--84
Atsushi Akera The Circulation of Knowledge,
Institutional Ecologies, and the History
of Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88, 86--87
David Alan Grier From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Bernadette Longo Edmund Berkeley, Computers, and Modern
Methods of Thinking . . . . . . . . . . 4--18
George T. Gray and
Ronald Q. Smith Sperry Rand's First Generation
Computers, 1955--1960: Hardware and
Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20--34
B. Jack Copeland Unfair to Aiken . . . . . . . . . . . . 35--37
B. Jack Copeland Colossus: Its Origins and Originators 38--45
Ernest E. Keet A Personal Recollection of Software's
Early Days (1960--79), Part 1 . . . . . 46--61
David Alan Grier Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 62--70
Laurie Robertson Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71--73
Raul Rojas Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74--78
Thomas Haigh Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79--91
Anonymous 2004 Annual Index . . . . . . . . . . . 92--100
Nathan Ensmenger Open Source's Lessons for Historians . . 104, 102--103
David Alan Grier From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Shigeru Takahashi The Rise and Fall of Plug-Compatible
Mainframes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--16
Kurt Hensch IBM History of Far Eastern Languages in
Computing, Part 1: Requirements and
Initial Phonetic Product Solutions in
the 1960s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17--26
Kurt Hensch and
Toshiaki Igi and
Masumi Iwao and
Toru Takeshita IBM History of Far Eastern Languages in
Computing, Part 2: Initial Efforts for
Full Kanji Solutions, Early 1970s . . . 27--37
Kurt Hensch and
Toshiaki Igi and
Masumi Iwao and
Akira Oda and
Toru Takeshita IBM History of Far Eastern Languages in
Computing, Part 3: IBM Japan Taking the
Lead, Accomplishments through the 1990s 38--55
Friedrich W. Kistermann Hollerith Punched Card System
Development (1905--1913) . . . . . . . . 56--66
Thomas Haigh Biographies: ADAPSO, Time-Sharing Firms,
and Software Companies: 1968--1975 . . . 67--73
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 74--77
Laurie Roberston Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78--81
Raul Rojas Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82--87
Charlie Yood The History of Computing at the
Consumption Junction . . . . . . . . . . 88, 86--87
David Alan Grier From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
David C. Walden and
Raymond S. Nickerson Computing at Bolt Beranek and Newman:
The First 40 Years, Part 1 . . . . . . . 4--5
Leo L. Beranek BBN's Earliest Days: Founding a Culture
of Engineering Creativity . . . . . . . 6--14
John A. Swets The ABC's of BBN: From Acoustics to
Behavioral Sciences to Computers . . . . 15--29
Stephen Levy History of Technology Transfer at BBN 30--38
Frank Heart Leading a Top-Notch R&D Group in the BBN
Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39--51
Sheldon Baron Control Systems R&D at BBN . . . . . . . 52--64
Richard F. Estrada and
Edward A. Starr 50 Years of Acoustic Signal Processing
for Detection: Coping with the Digital
Revolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65--78
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 79--81
Laurie Robertson Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82--84
Raul Rojas Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85--88
L. Robertson Anecdotes [Difference Engine] . . . . . 89--92
Thomas Haigh Biographies: Lawrence J. Schoenberg . . 89--94
Joshua M. Greenberg Between Expert and Lay . . . . . . . . . 96, 95
David Alan Grier From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--2
Doron D. Swade Historical Reconstructions . . . . . . . 3--3
Mark Glusker and
David M. Hogan and
Pamela Vass The Ternary Calculating Machine of
Thomas Fowler . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--22
Raul Rojas and
Frank Darius and
Cuneyt Goktekin and
George Heyne The Reconstruction of Konrad Zuse's Z3 23--32
Dag Spicer The IBM 1620 Restoration Project . . . . 33--43
Christopher P. Burton Replicating the Manchester Baby:
Motives, Methods, and Messages from the
Past . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44--60
Anthony E. Sale The Rebuilding of Colossus at Bletchley
Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61--69
Doron D. Swade The Construction of Charles Babbage's
Difference Engine No. 2 . . . . . . . . 70--88
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 89--92
Raul Rojas Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93--95
Laurie Robertson Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96--97
Michael R. Adamson Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98--102
Hunter Crowther-Heyck Mind and Network . . . . . . . . . . . . 104, 103
David Alan Grier From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Hans Neukom ERMETH: The First Swiss Computer . . . . 5--22
Tom Petersson Facit and the BESK Boys: Sweden's
Computer Industry (1956--1962) . . . . . 23--30
Ernest E. (``Lee'') Keet A Personal Recollection of Software's
Early Days (1960--1979): Part 2 . . . . 31--45
Jonathan Grudin Three Faces of Human-Computer
Interaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46--62
Bruce O. B. Williams and
Roger G. Johnson Ready Reckoners . . . . . . . . . . . . 64--80
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 81--85
Raul Rojas Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86--88
Laurie Robertson Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89--92
Thomas Haigh Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93--96
Anonymous 2005 Annual Index, Volume 27 . . . . . . 97--101
Eden Medina Computer Memory, Collective Memory:
Recovering History through Chilean
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104, 102--103
David Alan Grier From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--2
Dave Walden and
Ray Nickerson Computing at Bolt Beranek and Newman:
The First 40 Years, Part 2 . . . . . . . 4--5
Paul Castleman Medical Application of Computers at BBN 6--16
Wallace Feurzeg Educational Technology at BBN . . . . . 18--31
John Makhoul Speech Processing at BBN . . . . . . . . 32--45
Ralph Weischedel Natural-Language Understanding at BBN 46--55
Craig Partridge and
Steven Blumenthal Data Networking at BBN . . . . . . . . . 56--71
Richard E. Schantz BBN's Network Computing Software
Infrastructure and Distributed
Applications (1970--1990) . . . . . . . 72--88
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 89--92
Robert L. Patrick Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93--95
Raul Rojas Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96--98
Michael R. Adamson Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99--103
Michael N. Geselowitz A Busman's Holiday in New Jersey . . . . 104--105
Corinna Schlombs Toward International Computing History 108, 107
David Alan Grier From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Hans Neukom The Second Life of ENIAC . . . . . . . . 4--16
Till Zoppke and
Raúl Rojas The Virtual Life of ENIAC: Simulating
the Operation of the First Electronic
Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18--25
James W. Cortada The ENIAC's Influence on Business
Computing, 1940s--1950s . . . . . . . . 26--28
Maurice Wilkes What I Remember of the ENIAC . . . . . . 30--31
Lyle R. Johnson Coming to Grips with Univac . . . . . . 32--42
Simon Lavington In the Footsteps of Colossus: a
Description of Oedipus . . . . . . . . . 44--55
Raymond E. Miller Graduate Student Experiences at Illinois 56--62
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 63--69
Phillip A. Laplante, Jr. and
Stanley Mazor Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70--76
Jonathan P. Bowen and
Tim Bergin and
Christopher H. Sterling Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77--80
Tim Bergin Biographies: Carl Hammer (1914--2004) 81--86
James W. Cortada Looking at Technology through Industry
Eyes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88--88
David Alan Grier From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Anne Fitzpatrick and
Simon Berkovich and
Tatiana Kazokova MESM and the Beginning of the Computer
Era in the Soviet Union . . . . . . . . 4--16
Hiroshi Ichikawa Strela-1, the First Soviet Computer:
Political Success and Technological
Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18--31
Walter F. Bauer Informatics Acquisition by Sterling
Software: Unsolicited Offer, Takeover
Attempt, and Merger . . . . . . . . . . 32--40
Christopher H. Sterling Pioneering Risk: Lessons from the US
Teletext/Videotex Failure . . . . . . . 41--47
Andrew L. Russell `Rough Consensus and Running Code' and
the Internet--OSI Standards War . . . . 48--61
Ethan Mollick Establishing Moore's Law . . . . . . . . 62--75
Andrew Hodges and
James W. Cortada Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81--83
Michael N. Geselowitz Local Area Networking . . . . . . . . . 84--85
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 86--88, 95
Christophe Lecuyer and
David C. Brock Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89--95
Paul E. Ceruzzi The Materiality of the Internet . . . . 96, c3
David Alan Grier From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Paul E. Ceruzzi and
Burton Grad Guest Editors' Introduction: PC
Software--Word Processing for Everyone 4--5
Thomas Haigh Remembering the Office of the Future:
The Origins of Word Processing and
Office Automation . . . . . . . . . . . 6--31
Thomas J. (Tim) Bergin The Origins of Word Processing Software
for Personal Computers: 1976-1985 . . . 32--47
Thomas J. (Tim) Bergin The Proliferation and Consolidation of
Word Processing Software: 1985-1995 . . 48--63
Seymour Rubinstein Recollections: The Rise and Fall of
WordStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64--72
Ed Bride The Media are the Message: 'The
Influencers' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74--79
Seymour Merrin Selling PC Software: a Once-Irresistible
Opportunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--86
Amy Wohl How We Process Words: The Marketing of
WP Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88--91
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 92--95
Mike Marcus and
George Trimble Taking Newspapers from Hot Lead into the
Electronic Age . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96--100
Raul Rojas Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101--103
Anonymous IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
2006 Annual Index, Volume 28 . . . . . . 104--109
Len Shustek What Should We Collect to Preserve the
History of Software? . . . . . . . . . . 112, 110--111
David Alan Grier From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--2
Donn B. Parker The Dark Side of Computing: SRI
International and the Study of Computer
Crime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--15
Zhang Jiuchun and
Zhang Baichun Founding of the Chinese Academy of
Sciences' Institute of Computing
Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16--33
Zbigniew Stachniak Intel SIM8-01: a Proto-PC . . . . . . . 34--48
Jack Minker Forming a Computer Science Center at the
University of Maryland . . . . . . . . . 49--64
Keith Smillie Early Computing at the University of
Alberta and the Introduction of the
LGP-30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65--73
C. Stewart Gillmor Stanford, the IBM 650, and the First
Trials of Computer Date Matching . . . . 74--80
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 81--84
Walter F. Bauer Computer Recollections: Events, Humor,
and Happenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85--89
Peter Eckstein Jack Kilby (1923--2005) . . . . . . . . 90--95
Raúl Rojas Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96--99
Tara Krueger Mapping Cyberspace: The Image of the
Internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100, c3
David Alan Grier From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--2
George T. Gray and
Ronald Q. Smith Against the Current: The
Sperry--Burroughs Merger and the Unisys
Struggle to Survive 1980--2001 . . . . . 3--17
Susan B. Barnes Alan Kay: Transforming the Computer into
a Communication Medium . . . . . . . . . 18--30
Henry Oinas-Kukkonen From Bush to Engelbart: `Slowly, Some
Little Bells Were Ringing' . . . . . . . 31--39
Gopal K. Gupta Computer Science Curriculum Developments
in the 1960s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40--54
Adele Mildred Koss CDC, Raytheon, and Harvard University:
Three Early Data Management Systems . . 55--65
Chigusa Kita and
Dag Spicer and
Anne Fitzpatrick and
Akihiko Yamada Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 66--69
Stanley Mazor Intel 8080 CPU Chip Development . . . . 70--73
Raúl Rojas and
Dag Spicer and
Rocky R. Clark and
Gerald Friedland Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74--77
Michael N. Geselowitz The Oxford--Cambridge Arc . . . . . . . 78--79
Peter Eckstein William Charles (`Bill') Norris . . . . 80--86
James Sumner What Makes a PC? Thoughts on Computing
Platforms, Standards, and Compatibility 88, 87
David Alan Grier From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Paul Ceruzzi and
Burton Grad Guest Editors' Introduction: PC Software
--- Spreadsheets for Everyone . . . . . 4--5
Martin Campbell-Kelly Number Crunching without Programming:
The Evolution of Spreadsheet Usability 6--19
Burton Grad The Creation and the Demise of VisiCalc 20--31
Mitch Kapor Recollections on Lotus 1-2-3: Benchmark
for Spreadsheet Software . . . . . . . . 32--40
Jonathan Sachs Recollections: Developing Lotus 1-2-3 41--48
Mario Aloisio Computing at the Malta Statistics
Office, 1947--1970 . . . . . . . . . . . 49--61
Chigusa Kita and
Jeffrey R. Yost and
Burt Grad and
Thomas J. (Tim) Bergin and
Mike Marcus Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 62--66
Herbert Freeman Design of an Early Minicomputer . . . . 68--71
Eric Weiss and
Gerald Friedland and
Margarita Esponda Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--75
David Anderson Max Newman: Topologist, Codebreaker, and
Pioneer of Computing . . . . . . . . . . 76--81
David Anderson Patrick Blackett: Physicist, Radical,
and Chief Architect of the Manchester
Computing Phenomenon . . . . . . . . . . 82--85
Nathan Ensmenger Computers as Ethical Artifacts . . . . . 88, 86--87
David Alan Grier The Center of History . . . . . . . . . 2--5
Thomas J. Misa Guest Editors' Introduction: New
Directions in the History of Computing 6--7
Thomas J. Misa Arthur Norberg, the Charles Babbage
Institute, and the History of Computing 8--15
William Aspray Leadership in Computing History: Arthur
Norberg and the Charles Babbage
Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16--26
James W. Cortada Studying the Role of IT in the Evolution
of American Business Practices: a Way
Forward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28--39
Martin Campbell-Kelly The History of the History of Software 40--51
Thomas J. Misa Understanding `How Computing Has Changed
the World' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52--63
Jack Minker Developing a Computer Science Department
at the University of Maryland . . . . . 64--75
Chigusa Kita and
David L. Ferro and
Dag Spicer and
Kelly Rodoski and
Hiroyuki Seki and
Fred R. Shapiro and
Thomas J. (Tim) Bergin Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 76--81
Crispin Rope ENIAC as a Stored-Program Computer: a
New Look at the Old Records . . . . . . 82--87
Michael N. Geselowitz A Boat Excursion into Canada's Early
Computer History --- Toronto, Ottawa,
and Montreal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88--89
David Anderson and
Janet Delve Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90--102
Anonymous 2007 Annual Index, IEEE Annals of the
History of Computing, Volume 29 . . . . 103--109
Brent Jesiek Pushing Boundaries in the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112, 110--111
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Atshushi Akera The Life and Work of Bernard A. Galler
(1928--2006) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--14
Martin Campbell-Kelly and
Daniel D. Garcia-Swartz Economic Perspectives on the History of
the Computer Time-Sharing Industry,
1965--1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16--36
Leo Corry Fermat Meets SWAC: Vandiver, the
Lehmers, Computers, and Number Theory 38--49
Thomas Larsson and
Ulf Stenlund Vignettes of Sweden's Computer Graphics
History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50--58
Denis Roegel An Early (1844) Key-Driven Adding
Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59--65
Bernard Dionysius Geoghegan Historiographic Conceptualization of
Information: a Critical Survey . . . . . 66--81
Chigusa Kita and
Thomas J. Misa and
William Aspray and
David Walden and
Robert M. Price and
Eric A. Weiss Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 82--86
Thomas Haigh Cleve Moler: Mathematical Software
Pioneer and Creator of Matlab . . . . . 87--91
Stanley Mazor Fairchild Symbol Computer . . . . . . . 92--95
Rebecca Slayton Revolution and Resistance: Rethinking
Power in Computing History . . . . . . . 96, c3
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--2
Craig Partridge The Technical Development of Internet
Email . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--29
Jack Dongarra and
Gene H. Golub and
Eric Grosse and
Cleve Moler and
Keith Moore Netlib and NA-Net: Building a Scientific
Computing Community . . . . . . . . . . 30--41
Hunter Heyck Defining the Computer: Herbert Simon and
the Bureaucratic Mind--Part 1 . . . . . 42--51
Hunter Heyck Defining the Computer: Herbert Simon and
the Bureaucratic Mind--Part 2 . . . . . 52--63
Chigusa Kita and
Thomas Haigh and
Dag Spicer and
Akihiko Yamada and
Thomas J. Misa Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 64--67
John Page The Engineer's Tale: The Founding of
Software Publishing Corporation . . . . 68--70
Michael N. Geselowitz From Alcoa to Anacom--Pittsburgh . . . . 72--73
Jack Dongarra and
Thomas Haigh Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74--81
Kevin L. Borg Following Digital Ripples . . . . . . . 84, 82
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Laszlo Böszörmenyi Guest Editor's Introduction: History of
Informatics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--7
Michael S. Mahoney What Makes the History of Software Hard 8--18
Horst Oberquelle and
Oskar Beckmann Beckmann's Studio Computers Specified
for Early Computer Art . . . . . . . . . 20--31
Niklaus Wirth A Brief History of Software Engineering 32--39
Joseph Weizenbaum Social and Political Impact of the
Long-Term History of Computing . . . . . 40--42
Roland T. Mittermeir A Seminar Looking for Traces of History 44--54
Peter K. Antonitsch and
Robert Kleinhagauer and
Peter Micheuz Incorporating History in Secondary
Education Informatics Courses . . . . . 56--63
Bernadette Longo Mathematics, Computer Development, and
Science Policy Debates after World War
II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64--72
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 74--77
Chuck Runge The Genesis of the Tenet 210: An Early
Time-Sharing System . . . . . . . . . . 78--81
Anonymous Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82--83
Hyungsub Choi and
Chigusa Kita Hiroshi Wada: Pioneering Electronics and
Computer Technologies in Postwar Japan 84--89
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
James W. Cortada Patterns and Practices in How
Information Technology Spread around the
World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--25
Eden Medina Big Blue in the Bottomless Pit: The
Early Years of IBM Chile . . . . . . . . 26--41
Corinna Schlombs Engineering International Expansion: IBM
and Remington Rand in European Computer
Markets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42--58
Timo Leimbach The SAP Story: Evolution of SAP within
the German Software Industry . . . . . . 60--76
Petri Paju National Projects and International
Users: Finland and Early European
Computerization . . . . . . . . . . . . 77--91
Janet Delve A Trip down Memory Lane? New Challenges
from Other Disciplines . . . . . . . . . 90--92
Chigusa Kita The LINC computer at 45 . . . . . . . . 92--97
Julian Reitman The Origin of the Winter Simulation
Conferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98--102
Anonymous Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104--105
Marie Hicks Repurposing Turing's `Human Brake' . . . 108--108
Anonymous Annual Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0--0
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--2
Anonymous Editorial Board . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
S. T. Nandasara and
Yoshiki Mikami Asian Language Processing: History and
Perspectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--7
R. Mahesh K. Sinha A Journey from Indian Scripts Processing
to Indian Language Processing . . . . . 8--31
S. T. Nandasara From the Past to the Present: Evolution
of Computing in the Sinhala Language . . 32--45
Hugh Thaweesak Koanantakool and
Theppitak Karoonboonyanan and
Chai Wutiwiwatchai Computers and the Thai Language . . . . 46--61
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 62--67
John M. McQuillan The Birth of Link-State Routing . . . . 68--71
Hunter Heyck Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--73
Michael N. Geselowitz Fuhgedaboudit --- Technology in the
Outer Boroughs of New York . . . . . . . 74--75
Thomas J. (Tim) Bergin Jean Sammet: Programming Language
Contributor and Historian, and ACM
President . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76--85
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--2
Michel Bastian and
Marc Boisseau and
Robert Cohendet and
Alain Croisier and
Claude Galand and
Etienne Gorog and
Philippe Hernandez and
Michel Humbert and
Cuong Ngo Mai and
Pierre Secondo and
Robert F. Steen IBM France La Gaude Laboratory
Contributions to Telecommunications:
Part 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--17
Michel Bastian and
Marc Boisseau and
Robert Cohendet and
Alain Croisier and
Claude Galand and
Etienne Gorog and
Philippe Hernandez and
Michel Humbert and
Cuong Ngo Mai and
Pierre Secondo and
Robert F. Steen IBM France La Gaude Laboratory
Contributions to Telecommunications:
Part 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18--30
Hans Neukom Ubisco and CDC: Analysis of a Failure 31--43
George T. Gray and
Ronald Q. Smith After the B5000: Burroughs
Third-Generation Computers 1964--1980 44--55
Jos Peeters Early MRP Systems at Royal Philips
Electronics in the 1960s and 1970s . . . 56--69
Denis Roegel Anecdotes: Prototype Fragments from
Babbage's First Difference Engine . . . 70--75
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 76--79
Greg Downey Reviews: a Complex History of the
Commercial Internet . . . . . . . . . . 80--81
David P. Anderson Biographies: Tom Kilburn: a Pioneer of
Computer Design . . . . . . . . . . . . 82--86
James W. Cortada Think Piece: Preserving Records of the
Past, Today . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87--89
Nathan Ensmenger Software as History Embodied . . . . . . 88--91
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--2
Anonymous Editorial: Editorial Board . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous Guest Editor's Introduction:
Perspectives on the History of Computer
Games . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--4
Henry Lowood Videogames in Computer Space: The
Complex History of Pong . . . . . . . . 5--19
Petri Saarikoski and
Jaakko Suominen Computer Hobbyists and the Gaming
Industry in Finland . . . . . . . . . . 20--33
Nick Montfort and
Ian Bogost Random and Raster: Display Technologies
and the Development of Videogames . . . 34--43
Anker Helms Jorgensen Context and Driving Forces in the
Development of the Early Computer Game
Nimbi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44--53
Casey O'Donnell Production Protection to Copy(right)
Protection: From the 10NES to DVDs . . . 54--63
Stanley Mazor and
Peter Salmon Departments: Anecdotes: Magnavox and
Intel: An Odyssey . . . . . . . . . . . 64--67
Armand Van Dormael Biographies: Herbert F. Mataré . . . . . 68--73
Anonymous Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74--76
Michael Geselowitz Local Area Networks: High (Plains) Tech 77--77
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 78--82
John Laprise Think Piece: The Purloined Mainframe:
Hiding the History of Computing in Plain
Sight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83--84
Anonymous Annual Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0--0
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--2
Burton Grad and
Thomas J. Bergin Guest Editors' Introduction: History of
Database Management Systems . . . . . . 3--5
Thomas Haigh How Data Got its Base: Information
Storage Software in the 1950s and 1960s 6--25
Thomas J. Bergin and
Thomas Haigh The Commercialization of Database
Management Systems, 1969--1983 . . . . . 26--41
Charles W. Bachman The Origin of the Integrated Data Store
(IDS): The First Direct-Access DBMS . . 42--54
Thomas M. (Tom) Nies Cincom Systems' Total . . . . . . . . . 55--61
Robert L. Patrick IMS @ Conception . . . . . . . . . . . . 62--65
William C. McGee The Information Management System (IMS)
Program Product . . . . . . . . . . . . 66--75
Robert L. Brueck System 2000: The MRI Systems Corporation 76--86
Orrin Stevens The History of Datacom/DB . . . . . . . 87--91
John Norris Maguire Adabas: Software AG of North America . . 92--99
Judith M. Kruntorad History of the CA IDMS Database
Management System . . . . . . . . . . . 100--106
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 107--109
Dan Murphy The Beginnings of TECO . . . . . . . . . 110--115
Anonymous Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116--117
Scott M. Campbell On the Absence of Obsolescence . . . . . 118--120
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Frederick P. Brooks, Jr. Stretch-ing Is Great Exercise --- It
Gets You in Shape to Win . . . . . . . . 4--9
Janet Abbate Privatizing the Internet: Competing
Visions and Chaotic Events, 1987--1995 10--22
Arthe Van Laer Developing an EC Computer Policy,
1965--1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16--17
Martyn Clark State Support for the Expansion of UK
University Computing in the 1950s . . . 23--33
Silvio Henin Two Early Italian Key-Driven Calculators 34--43
David A. Laws A Company of Legend: The Legacy of
Fairchild Semiconductor . . . . . . . . 60--74
Stanley Mazor Intel's 8086 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75--79
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 80--81
Pierre-E. Mounier-Kuhn Jean Carteron . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82--89
Honghong Tinn Cold War Politics: Taiwanese Computing
in the 1950s and 1960s . . . . . . . . . 92--95
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Gerard Alberts Appropriating America: Americanization
in the History of European Computing . . 4--7
Thomas Haigh Computing the American Way:
Contextualizing the Early US Computer
Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8--20
Helena Durnova Sovietization of Czechoslovakian
Computing: The Rise and Fall of the SAPO
Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21--31
Simon Donig Appropriating American Technology in the
1960s: Cold War Politics and the GDR
Computer Industry . . . . . . . . . . . 32--45
Ksenia Tatarchenko Cold War Origins of the International
Federation for Information Processing 46--57
David Nofre Unraveling Algol: US, Europe, and the
Creation of a Programming Language . . . 58--68
Michael Geselowitz Israel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69--69
Anonymous Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70--71
Armand Van Dormael Heinrich Welker . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--79
Anonymous Anecdotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--83
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 84--86
Christopher McDonald Technology in the Political Landscape 87--88
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Hans Rudiger Wiehle External Characteristics of Computer
Operations: Toward Large Conversational
Time-Sharing Systems . . . . . . . . . . 4--19
Eike Jessen and
Dieter Michel and
Hans-Juergen Siegert and
Heinz Voigt The AEG-Telefunken TR 440 Computer:
Company and Large-Scale Computer
Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20--29
Eike Jessen and
Dieter Michel and
Heinz Voigt Structure, Technology, and Development
of the AEG-Telefunken TR 440 Computer 30--39
Hans-Juergen Siegert The German TR 440 Computer: Software and
Its Development . . . . . . . . . . . . 40--73
Warren Toomey First Edition Unix: Its Creation and
Restoration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74--82
Elizabeth Feinler The Network Information Center and its
Archives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83--89
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 90--93
Jonathan Aylen Promoting the Prosaic: The Case for
Process-Control Computers . . . . . . . 94--96
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--4
Marie Hicks Only the Clothes Changed: Women
Operators in British Computing and
Advertising, 1950--1970 . . . . . . . . 5--17
David A. Grier The Inconsistent Youth of Charles
Babbage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18--31
Christopher McDonald From Art Form to Engineering Discipline?
A History of US Military Software
Development Standards, 1974--1998 . . . 32--47
Zbigniew Stachniak The MIL MF7114 Microprocessor . . . . . 48--59
Daniel Ortiz-Arroyo and
Francisco Rodriguez-Henriquez and
Carlos A. Coello Coello The Turing-850 Project: Developing a
Personal Computer in the Early 1980s in
Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60--71
Thomas Haigh John R. Rice: Mathematical Software
Pioneer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--81
Randy H. Katz RAID: a Personal Recollection of How
Storage Became a System . . . . . . . . 82--87
Michael Geselowitz Long Island, New York . . . . . . . . . 88--89
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 90--93
Jonathan Aylen A Question of Scale: Networks, Systems,
and Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94--96
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
B. Jack Copeland The Manchester Computer: a Revised
History Part 1: The Memory . . . . . . . 4--21
B. Jack Copeland The Manchester Computer: a Revised
History Part 2: The Baby Computer . . . 22--37
John Laprise Kissinger's Computer: National Security
Council Computerization, 1969--1972 . . 38--51
Frank Veraart Losing Meanings: Computer Games in Dutch
Domestic Use, 1975--2000 . . . . . . . . 52--65
Alexander McKenzie INWG and the Conception of the Internet:
An Eyewitness Account . . . . . . . . . 66--71
Keith Smillie Donald McIntyre: Geologist, Historian,
and Array Language Advocate, 1923--2009 72--77
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 78--82
Anonymous Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83--85
David Alan Grier Programming and Planning . . . . . . . . 86--88
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
William Aspray and
Jeffrey R. Yost New Voices, New Topics . . . . . . . . . 4--8
Joseph A. November Early Biomedical Computing and the Roots
of Evidence-Based Medicine . . . . . . . 9--23
Mara Mills Hearing Aids and the History of
Electronics Miniaturization . . . . . . 24--45
Cristina Turdean Casinos and the Digitization of the Slot
Machine, 1950--1989 . . . . . . . . . . 46--59
Patricia Galloway Personal Computers, Microhistory, and
Shared Authority: Documenting the
Inventor--Early Adopter Dialectic . . . 60--74
Honghong Tinn From DIY Computers to Illegal Copies:
The Controversy over Tinkering with
Microcomputers in Taiwan, 1980--1984 . . 75--88
Gordon Bell and
Daniel P. Siewiorek The Book \em Computer Structures:
Thoughts After 40 Years . . . . . . . . 89--95
Kristen J. Nyitray William Alfred Higinbotham: Scientist,
Activist, and Computer Game Pioneer . . 96--101
Anonymous Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102--104
Michael Geselowitz Greece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105--105
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 106--110
George Royer Familiar Concepts, Unfamiliar Territory 112, 111
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Stephen J. Lukasik Why the Arpanet Was Built . . . . . . . 4--21
Lars Heide Scale and Scope in American Key-Set
Office Machine Dynamics, 1880s--1930s 22--31
Bernardo Batiz-Lazo and
Robert J. K. Reid The Development of Cash-Dispensing
Technology in the UK . . . . . . . . . . 32--45
Jonathan G. Koomey and
Stephen Berard and
Marla Sanchez and
Henry Wong Implications of Historical Trends in the
Electrical Efficiency of Computing . . . 46--54
Christian Sandstrom Hasselblad and the Shift to Digital
Imaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55--66
David Walden Interview: Willis H. Ware . . . . . . . 67--73
Elizabeth (Jake) Feinler Host Tables, Top-Level Domain Names, and
the Origin of Dot Com . . . . . . . . . 74--79
Anonymous Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--81
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 82--85
Gustav Sjöblom Control in the History of Computing:
Making an Ambiguous Concept Useful . . . 88, 86--87
Anonymous Annual Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0--0
Jeffrey R. Yost From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--4
Ronald R. Kline Cybernetics, Automata Studies, and the
Dartmouth Conference on Artificial
Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5--16
Philipp Aumann The Distinctiveness of a Unifying
Science: Cybernetics' Way to West
Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17--27
Yasushi Sato An Inconspicuous Giant: NTT's Role in
the Development of Software Engineering
in Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28--37
Alena Solcova and
Michal Krizek Vladimir Vand (1911--1968): Pioneer of
Computational Methods in Crystallography 38--44
Mikko Valorinta and
Tomi Nokelainen Introduction and Early Use of Computers
in the Finnish Retail Industry . . . . . 45--55
Julian Feldman Computers and Thought --- The Back Story 56--61
Anonymous Ward Cunningham . . . . . . . . . . . . 62--67
Michael Geselowitz Vancouver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68--69
Thomas Haigh Charles W. Bachman: Database Software
Pioneer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70--80
Anonymous Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81--83
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 84--85
David Alan Grier From Computer Celebrities to Historical
Biography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88, 86--87
Lars Hiede From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Tom Van Vleck Electronic Mail and Text Messaging in
CTSS, 1965--1973 . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--6
David C. Brock and
David A. Laws The Early History of Microcircuitry: An
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7--19
David A. Laws and
Michael Riordan Making Micrologic: The Development of
the Planar IC at Fairchild
Semiconductor, 1957--1963 . . . . . . . 20--36
Charles Phipps The Early History of ICs at Texas
Instruments: a Personal View . . . . . . 37--47
Hyungsub Choi and
Takushi Otani Failure to Launch: Tarui Yasuo, the
Quadrupole Transistor, and the Meanings
of the IC in Postwar Japan . . . . . . . 48--59
Richard W. Ahrons and
David Laws Industrial Research in Microcircuitry at
RCA: The Early Years, 1953--1963 . . . . 60--73
Edgar A. Sack and
David A. Laws Westinghouse: Microcircuit Pioneer from
Molecular Electronics to ICs . . . . . . 74--82
Anonymous Interview: Fernando Corbató . . . . . . . 83--87
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 88--91
Ramesh Subramanian Murray Turoff: Father of Computer
Conferencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92--98
Annals Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99--101
Andrew Meade McGee Stating the Field: Institutions and
Outcomes in Computer History . . . . . . 104, 102--103
Lars Hiede From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Ian Martin Too Far Ahead of Its Time: Barclays,
Burroughs, and Real-Time Banking . . . . 5--19
Bernardo Batiz-Lazo and
Thomas Haigh Engineering Change: The Appropriation of
Computer Technology at Grupo ICA in
Mexico (1965--1971) . . . . . . . . . . 20--33
James W. Cortada Information Technologies in the German
Democratic Republic (GDR), 1949--1989 34--48
Silvio Henin and
Massimo Temporelli An Original Italian Dial Adder
Rediscovered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49--59
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 60--69
Andrew Russell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70--72
Michael Geselowitz Indianapolis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Denis Roegel The LOCOMAT Project: Recomputing
Mathematical and Astronomical Tables . . 74--79
Anonymous Albert Vezza [interview] . . . . . . . . 80--85
Gerardo Con Diaz Ownership and the History of American
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88, 86--87
Lars Heide From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Edward Hunt US Government Computer Penetration
Programs and the Implications for
Cyberwar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--21
Juan Alvarez and
Claudio Gutierrez History of Computing in Chile,
1961--1982: Early Years, Consolidation,
and Expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22--33
Dragan R. Milivojevic and
Marijana Pavlov and
Vladimir Despotovic and
Visa Tasic Half a Century of Computing in the
Serbian Copper Mining and Metallurgy
Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34--43
Brian J. Shelburne The ENIAC's 1949 Determination of $ \pi
$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44--54
Dejan Ristanovic and
Jelica Protic Once Upon a Pocket: Programmable
Calculators from the Late 1970s and
Early 1980s and the Social Networks
Around Them . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55--66
Sean Lawson and
Jon Agar Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67--69
Akihiko Yamada and
Dag Spicer Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 70--73
Keith Smillie An Early Statistical Calculation . . . . 74--76
Andrew L. Russell Standards, Networks, and Critique . . . 80
Lars Heide From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Anthony Pennino and
Francesca Musiani Reviews [review of ``Prometheus (motion
picture)'', Scott, R., Director; 2012
and ``The Networked France, Vol. 1: The
Meeting of Telecommunications and
Computing'' (Schafer, V.; 2012)] . . . . 4--6
Burton Grad Relational Database Management Systems:
The Formative Years [Guest editor's
introduction] . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7--8
David Alan Grier The Relational Database and the Concept
of the Information System . . . . . . . 9--17
Martin Campbell-Kelly The RDBMS Industry: A Northern
California Perspective . . . . . . . . . 18--29
Hugh Darwen The Relational Model: Beginning of an
Era . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30--37
Bradford W. Wade and
Donald D. Chamberlin IBM Relational Database Systems: The
Early Years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38--48
Bradford W. Wade Compiling SQL into System/370 Machine
Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49--50
Robert Preger The Oracle Story, Part 1: 1977--1986 . . 51--57
Lawrence A. Rowe History of the Ingres Corporation . . . 58--70
Michael Geselowitz Stockholm, Sweden . . . . . . . . . . . 71
David Walden Peter J. Denning . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--77
Donald D. Chamberlin Early History of SQL . . . . . . . . . . 78--82
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings [Obituary of
Lawrence A. Welke] . . . . . . . . . . . 83--85
Burton Grad and
Luanne Johnson Collecting the History of the Software
Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Lars Heide From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Andrew Russell Reviews [Four books reviewed] . . . . . 4--10
Scott Campbell `Wat For Ever' Student-Oriented
Computing at the University of Waterloo 11--22
Arne Martin Fevolden The Best of Both Worlds? A History of
Time-Shared Microcomputers, 1977--1983 23--34
Arthur Tatnall The Australian Educational Computer That
Never Was . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35--47
Jay W. Lathrop The Diamond Ordnance Fuze Laboratory's
Photolithographic Approach to
Microcircuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48--55
Mike Green Dummer's Vision of Solid Circuits at the
UK Royal Radar Establishment . . . . . . 56--66
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 67--71
Anonymous Rolf Skår . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--77
Ramesh Subramanian Starr Roxanne Hiltz: Pioneer Digital
Sociologist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78--85
Marie Hicks De-Brogramming the History of Computing 88
Lars Heide From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Jeffrey R. Yost Computer Industry Pioneer: Erwin Tomash
(1921--2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--7
Burton Grad Relational Database Management Systems:
The Business Explosion [Guest Editor's
introduction] . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8--9
Andrew Mendelsohn The Oracle Story: 1984--2001 . . . . . . 10--23
Rick Bennett Oracle Marketing: Killer Ads . . . . . . 24--30
Bob Epstein History of Sybase . . . . . . . . . . . 31--41
Roger Sippl Informix: Information Management on Unix 42--53
Donald J. Haderle and
Cynthia M. Saracco The History and Growth of IBM's DB2 . . 54--66
Marilyn Bohl Product Managing DB2's Early Development 67--68
Hershel Harris and
Bert Nicol SQL/DS: IBM's First RDBMS . . . . . . . 69--71
Donald R. Deutsch The SQL Standard: How it Happened . . . 72--75
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 76--81
Andrew Russell Biomedical Computing: Digitizing Life in
the United States (November, J.; 2012)
[Reviews] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82--84
Stephanie Dick Machines Who Write [Think Piece] . . . . 88
Lars Heide From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Brent K. Jesiek The Origins and Early History of
Computer Engineering in the United
States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6--18
Christian Sandstrom Facit and the Displacement of Mechanical
Calculators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20--31
Federico Gobbo and
Marco Benini From Ancient to Modern Computing: A
History of Information Hiding . . . . . 33--39
David Hartley CPL: Failed Venture or Noble Ancestor? 55--63
Dennis J. Frailey Computer-Generated Doctoral
Dissertations: An Early Experience . . . 65--66
Andrew Russell Reviews [``The future Was here: The
Commodore Amiga'' (Maher, J.; 2012) and
``Recoding Gender: Women's Changing
Participation in Computing'' (Abbate,
J.; 2012)] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68--70
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 72--76
Nathan Ensmenger Computation, Materiality, and the Global
Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c1--c1
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . c2--c2
Lars Heide From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Anonymous [Masthead] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Jeffrey R. Yost Appropriation and Independence: BTM,
Burroughs, and IBM at the Advent of the
Computer Industry . . . . . . . . . . . 5--17
Albert Endres Early Language and Compiler Developments
at IBM Europe: A Personal Retrospection 18--30
Anonymous myComputer [advertisement] . . . . . . . 31
James W. Cortada ``Carrying a Bag'': Memoirs of an IBM
Salesman, 1974--1981 . . . . . . . . . . 32--47
Zbigniew Stachniak This Is Not a Computer: Negotiating the
Microprocessor . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48--54
Anonymous Membership [advertisement] . . . . . . . 55
Patryk Wasiak Computer Dealer Demos: Selling Home
Computers with Bouncing Balls and
Animated Logos . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56--68
Robert Braden Burroughs Algol at Stanford University,
1960--1963 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69--73
David Alan Grier Interview: Edward Feigenbaum . . . . . . 74--81
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 82--85
Andrew Russell and
Jonathan Coopersmith and
Anthony P. Pennino and
Giuditta Parolini and
Benjamin Gross Reviews: Michael Sean Mahoney,
\booktitleHistories of Computing, ed.
and introduction by Thomas Haigh,
Harvard University Press, 2011, 250 pp.;
\booktitleElysium, directed by Neill
Blomkamp and produced by TriStar
Pictures, 2013; Paul E. Ceruzzi,
\booktitleComputing: A Concise History,
MIT Press, 2012, 199 pp.; James W.
Cortada, \booktitleThe Digital Flood:
The Diffusion of Information Technology
Across the U.S., Europe, and Asia,
Oxford University Press, 2012, 789 pp. 86--89
Anonymous 2013 Annual Author and Subject Index . . 90--93
William Aspray Computers, Information, and Everyday
Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Anonymous Computing Now House Advertisement . . . c3--c3
Anonymous Digital Magazines [House Advertisement] c4--c4
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . c2--c2
Lars Heide From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Thomas Haigh and
Mark Priestley and
Crispin Rope Reconsidering the Stored-Program Concept 4--17
Jordi Fornes and
Nestor Herran Computing in Transition: The Origins of
Barcelona's School of Informatics,
1976--1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18--29
Nicholas Rawlings The History of NOMAD: A Fourth
Generation Language . . . . . . . . . . 30--38
Zbigniew Stachniak Early Commercial Electronic Distribution
of Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39--51
David Hemmendinger Messaging in the Early SDC Time-Sharing
System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52--57
David Alan Grier Steve Furber [Interviews] . . . . . . . 58--68
Andrew Russell Reviews [5 books reviewed] . . . . . . . 69--73
James W. Cortada War Stories of an IBM Salesman,
1974--1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74--78
Robert L. Patrick Times Have Changed . . . . . . . . . . . 79--81
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 82--84
Evan Hepler-Smith Simple Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Anonymous Membership Matters [Advertisement] . . . c3--c3
Anonymous Rock Stars of Mobile Cloud
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Anonymous [Front cover] . . . . . . . . . . . . . c1--c1
Lars Heide From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Kevin Gotkin When Computers Were Amateur . . . . . . 4--14
Petri Saarikoski and
Markku Reunanen Great Northern Machine Wars: Rivalry
Between User Groups in Finland . . . . . 16--26
David Walden and
``IMP Software Guys'' The Arpanet IMP Program: Retrospective
and Resurrection . . . . . . . . . . . . 28--39
Thomas Haigh and
Mark Priestley and
Crispin Rope Engineering ``The Miracle of the
ENIAC'': Implementing the Modern Code
Paradigm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41--59
Brian E. Carpenter and
Robert W. Doran John Womersley: Applied Mathematician
and Pioneer of Modern Computing . . . . 60--70
William J. Turkel and
Shezan Muhammedi and
Mary Beth Start Grounding Digital History in the History
of Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--75
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 77--78
J. Noel Chiappa Early Token Ring Work at MIT . . . . . . 80--85
Joy Rankin Toward a History of Social Computing:
Children, Classrooms, Campuses, and
Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Anonymous Front cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c1--c1
Anonymous Table of contents . . . . . . . . . . . c2--c2
David Walden and
Nathan Ensmenger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
D. Hemmendinger COMIC: An Analog Computer in the
Colorant Industry . . . . . . . . . . . 4--18
R. Subramanian Technology Policy and National Identity:
The Microcomputer Comes to India . . . . 19--29
E. Perez Molina The Technological Roots of Computer
Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30--41
T. Haigh and
M. Priestley and
C. Rope Los Alamos Bets on ENIAC: Nuclear Monte
Carlo Simulations, 1947--1948 . . . . . 42--63
Dag Spicer [Interview]: Deborah Estrin . . . . . . 64--69
W. Aspray Michael Sean Mahoney (1939--2008) . . . 70--79
T. J. Bergin What Is a Computer? An Answer from the
Past . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--84
C. Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 85--89
Andrew Russell Reviews [3 books reviewed] . . . . . . . 90--93
P. E. Ceruzzi Are Historians Failing to Tell the Real
Story about the History of Computing? 94--95
M. Campbell-Kelly Knuth and the Spectrum of History . . . 96--96
Anonymous Rock Stars of Cybersecurity
[Advertisement] . . . . . . . . . . . . c3--c3
Anonymous Seeking Editor in Chief . . . . . . . . c4--c4
Gerard Alberts Algol Culture and Programming Styles
[Guest editor's introduction] . . . . . 2--5
P. Mounier-Kuhn Algol in France: From Universal Project
to Embedded Culture . . . . . . . . . . 6--25
H. Durnova Embracing the Algol Effort in
Czechoslovakia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26--37
G. Paulsen When Switches Became Programs:
Programming Languages and
Telecommunications, 1965--1980 . . . . . 38--50
G. Alberts and
E. G. Daylight Universality versus Locality: The
Amsterdam Style of Algol Implementation 52--63
S. Payette Hopper and Dijkstra: Crisis, Revolution,
and the Future of Programming . . . . . 64--73
P. S. Collopy Video Synthesizers: From Analog
Computing to Digital Art . . . . . . . . 74--86
Anonymous Reviews [3 books reviewed] . . . . . . . 87--91
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 92--96
B. Lewendal My Corner of the Time-Sharing Innovation
World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97--101
H. Durnova and
G. Alberts Think Piece: Was Algol 60 the First
Algorithmic Language? . . . . . . . . . 104, 102--103
Anonymous IEEE was Here [advertisement] . . . . . c3--c3
Anonymous Take the CS Library wherever you go!
[Advertisement] . . . . . . . . . . . . c4--c4
Nathan Ensmenger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--2
Anonymous Editorial Board House Advertisement . . 3--3
Dag Spicer Gordon Bell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--11
Z. Stachniak Red Clones: The Soviet Computer Hobby
Movement of the 1980s . . . . . . . . . 12--23
V. Rajaraman History of Computing in India:
1955--2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24--35
Peggy Aldrich Kidwell Useful Instruction for Practical People:
Early Printed Discussions of the Slide
Rule in the US . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36--43
Bradley Fidler and
Morgan Currie The Production and Interpretation of
ARPANET Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44--55
J. W. Cortada ``There Is No Saturation Point in
Education'': Inside IBM's Sales School,
1970s--1980s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56--66
J. Copeland and
A. A. Haeff Andrew V. Haeff: Enigma of the Tube Era
and Forgotten Computing Pioneer . . . . 67--74
Dan Murphy TENEX and TOPS-20 . . . . . . . . . . . 75--82
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 83--86
Andrew Russell Reviews [4 books reviewed] . . . . . . . 87--92
M. Alper Augmentative, Alternative, and
Assistive: Reimagining the History of
Mobile Computing and Disability . . . . 96--96
Anonymous Call for Papers House Advertisement . . c3--c3
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William Aspray Information Society, Domains, and
Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2--4
Anonymous Editorial Board . . . . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Jeffrey R. Yost Computer Security [Guest Editors'
introduction] . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6--7
Michael Warner Notes on the Evolution of Computer
Security Policy in the US Government,
1965--2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8--18
Steven B. Lipner The Birth and Death of the Orange Book 19--31
Rebecca Slayton Measuring Risk: Computer Security
Metrics, Automation, and Learning . . . 32--45
Jeffrey R. Yost The Origin and Early History of the
Computer Security Software Products
Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46--58
Dongoh Park Social Life of PKI: Sociotechnical
Development of Korean Public-Key
Infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59--71
Laura DeNardis The Internet Design Tension between
Surveillance and Security . . . . . . . 72--83
James W. Cortada ``Doing History'' in the Olden Days,
1970s--1990s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84--88
Andrew Russell Reviews [2 book reviews; 2 film reviews] 89--93
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 94--96
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c1--c1
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Nathan Ensmenger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2--3
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 4--7
Gerardo Con Diaz Embodied Software: Patents and the
History of Software Development,
1946--1970 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8--19
James W. Cortada Studying History as it Unfolds, Part 1:
Creating the History of Information
Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20--31
Julie Cohn Transitions from Analog to Digital
Computing in Electric Power Systems . . 32--43
Maarten Bullynck Computing Primes (1929--1949):
Transformations in the Early Days of
Digital Computing . . . . . . . . . . . 44--54
Anonymous 2016 Richard E. Merwin Distinguished
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Brian Randell Reminiscences of Project Y and the ACS
Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56--66
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society House
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Andrew Russell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68--69
Amelia Acker Toward a Hermeneutics of Data . . . . . 70--75
Jack B. Dennis Machines, Languages, and Computation at
MIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76--77
Bob Supnik The Story of SimH . . . . . . . . . . . 78--80
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . c2, c1
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Anonymous Stay connected House Advertisement . . . c4
Angela Xiao Wu Historicizing Internet Use in China and
the Problem of the User Figure . . . . . 2--4
Dag Spicer Fernando Corbató: Time-Sharing Pioneer,
Part 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5--9
Ivan da Costa Marques History of Computing in Latin America
[Guest Editors' introduction] . . . . . 10--12
Anonymous Editorial Board House Advertisement . . 13
Ofelia Cervantes-Villagomez and
Leandro Rodriguez-Medina Small Step for Machines, Giant Leap for
Mexico: A Local History of Computing . . 14--28
Ronny J. Viales-Hurtado and
Ana Lucia Calderon-Saravia and
David Chavarria-Camacho Between Matilde and the Internet:
Computerizing the University of Costa
Rica (1968--1993) . . . . . . . . . . . 29--39
Raul Jorge Carnota The Beginning of Computer Science in
Argentina and the Calculus Institute,
1957--1970 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40--52
Marcelo Savio Revoredo Menezes de Carvalho and
Henrique Luiz Cukierman The Dawn of the Internet in Brazil . . . 54--63
Ivan da Costa Marques Brazil's Computer Market Reserve:
Democracy, Authoritarianism, and
Ruptures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64--75
Jaquelinne Dominguez Nava and
Juan C. Acosta-Guadarrama and
Rosa M. Valdovinos-Rosas and
Victor H. Solis Ramos and
Nely Plata Cesar and
Leticia Quintanar Rebollar and
Rogelio Davila Perez A Brief History of Computing in Mexico 76--86
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 87--89
Denis Roegel A Mechanical Calculator for Arithmetic
Sequences (1844--1852): Part 1,
Historical Context and Structure . . . . 90--96
Anonymous Get the Recognition You Deserve House
Advertisement . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Andrew Russell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98--104
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . c2--1
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Anonymous Watch the World's Leading Experts Take
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Nathan Ensmenger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 2
Joseph November Ask Your Doctor \ldots About Computers 3--5
Julien Mailland 101 Online: American Minitel Network and
Lessons from Its Failure . . . . . . . . 6--22
Gerardo Con Diaz Contested Ontologies of Software: The
Story of Gottschalk v. Benson,
1963--1972 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23--33
Nicholas Lewis Peering through the Curtain: Soviet
Computing through the Eyes of Western
Experts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34--47
James W. Cortada Studying History as It Unfolds, Part 2:
Tooling Up the Historians . . . . . . . 48--59
Russell J. Robelen The IBM ACS Project . . . . . . . . . . 60--74
Dag Spicer Fernando Corbató: Time-Sharing Pioneer,
Part 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75--79
Denis Roegel A Mechanical Calculator for Arithmetic
Sequences (1844--1852): Part 2, Working
Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--88
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 89--93
Andrew Russell \booktitleThe innovators: how a group of
hackers, geniuses, and geeks created the
digital revolution (Isaacson, W.; 2014)
[book review] . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94--c3
Fabian Prieto-Nanez Postcolonial Histories of Computing . . 2--4
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 6--7
Hyungsub Choi History of Computing in East Asia . . . 8--10
Yutaka Hasegawa History of COMTRAC: Development of the
Innovative Traffic-Control System for
Shinkansen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11--21
Ling-Fei Lin Design Engineering or Factory
Capability? Building Laptop Contract
Manufacturing in Taiwan . . . . . . . . 22--39
Dongoh Park The Korean Character Code: A National
Controversy, 1987--1995 . . . . . . . . 40--53
Andrew Smith The Industrial Organization of Hong
Kong's Progression Toward a Cashless
Economy (1960s--2000s) . . . . . . . . . 54--65
Adam P. Spring Retrospective Computing and Consumer-Led
Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66--71
Dag Spicer Raymond Tomlinson: Email Pioneer, Part 1 72--79
Andrew Russell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--84
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Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Nathan Ensmenger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 4--5
Caroline Jack Meaning and Persuasion: The Personal
Computer and Economic Education . . . . 6--9
Andrew Russell Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10--11
David Hemmendinger Two Early Interactive Computer Network
Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12--24
Craig Partridge The Restructuring of Internet Standards
Governance: 1987--1992 . . . . . . . . . 25--43
Bradley Fidler and
Morgan Currie Infrastructure, Representation, and
Historiography in BBN's Arpanet Maps . . 44--57
John Day The Clamor Outside as INWG Debated:
Economic War Comes to Networking . . . . 58--77
Dag Spicer Raymond Tomlinson: Email Pioneer, Part 2 78--83
Linus Nyman and
Mikael Laakso Notes on the History of Fork and Join 84--87
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 88
Anonymous Caller for Nominations Education Awards
Nominations House Advertisement . . . . c3
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c1
Anonymous Focus on Your Job Search House
Advertisement . . . . . . . . . . . . . c4
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society: Be at the Center
of It All House Advertisement . . . . . c2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Chigusa Kita Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 3--5
Aaron Plasek On the Cruelty of Really Writing a
History of Machine Learning . . . . . . 6--8
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 9
Jeffrey R. Yost Computer Security, Part 2 . . . . . . . 10--11
Thomas J. Misa Computer Security Discourse at RAND,
SDC, and NSA (1958--1970) . . . . . . . 12--25
William Aspray and
James W. Cortada Before It Was a Giant: The Early History
of Symantec, 1982--1999 . . . . . . . . 26--41
Jeffrey R. Yost The March of IDES: Early History of
Intrusion-Detection Expert Systems . . . 42--54
Quinn DuPont and
Bradley Fidler Edge Cryptography and the Codevelopment
of Computer Networks and Cybersecurity 55--73
Alvy Ray Smith The Dawn of Digital Light . . . . . . . 74--91
Denis Roegel Before Torchi and Schwilgué, There Was
White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92--93
Andrew Russell Reviews [Book review and Play review] 94--96
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c1--c1
Anonymous got flaws? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c4--c4
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society is where You
Choose the Resources that Fit Your
Career . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c3--c3
Anonymous TechIgnite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c2--c2
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Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Nathan Ensmenger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 4--5
Bradley Fidler Eternal October and the End of
Cyberspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6--7
Andrew Russell Reviews [Book review] . . . . . . . . . 8
B. Jack Copeland and
Andre A. Haeff and
Peter Gough and
Cameron Wright Screen History: The Haeff Memory and
Graphics Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9--28
R. Arvid Nelsen Race and Computing: The Problem of
Sources, the Potential of Prosopography,
and the Lesson of Ebony Magazine . . . . 29--51
Zbigniew Stachniak MCM on Personal Software . . . . . . . . 52--64
Herbert Bruderer Early History of Computing in
Switzerland: Discovery of Rare Devices,
Unknown Documents, and Scarcely Known
Facts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65--72
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Richard E. Merwin
Student Leadership Scholarship . . . . . c3--c3
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Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ??
Nathan Ensmenger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 4--5
Mitali Thakor How to Look: Apprehension, Forensic
Craft, and the Classification of Child
Exploitation Images . . . . . . . . . . 6--8
Gerardo Con Dìaz Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9--11
Anonymous One membership. Unlimited knowledge.
House Advertisement . . . . . . . . . . ??
Alexander Mirowski At the Electronic Crossroads Once Again:
The Myth of the Modern Computer Utility
in the United States . . . . . . . . . . 13--29
Jordi Fornés and
Néstor Herran and
Luís Duque Computing for Democracy: The Asociación
de Técnicos de Informática and the
Professionalization of Computing in
Spain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30--48
William F. Vogel ``The Spitting Image of a Woman
Programmer'';: Changing Portrayals of
Women in the American Computing
Industry, 1958-1985 . . . . . . . . . . 49--64
Stephen M. Davies The Experimental Computer Programme: The
First Computing Initiative for the
National Health Service in England . . . 65--79
Anonymous Nominations are Solicited for the
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Paul McJones In Search of the Original Fortran
Compiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81--88
Dag Spicer CHM Happenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89--90
Irina Nikivincze Dana Ulery: Pioneer of Statistical
Computing and Architect of Large,
Complex Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . 91--95
Anonymous New Membership Options for A Better Fit.
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that's right for you . . . . . . . . . . ??
Anonymous myCS House Advertisement . . . . . . . . ??
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Call for Nominees Education Awards
Nominations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Nathan Ensmenger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 4--5
Kevin T. Baker Simulation and `Seduction' at the Policy
Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6--7
Anonymous 2017 IEEE-CS Charles Babbage Award . . . 8
James W. Cortada IBM Branch Offices: What They Were, How
They Worked, 1920s--1980s . . . . . . . 9--23
Anonymous myCS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Nicholas Lewis Purchasing Power: Rivalry, Dissent, and
Computing Strategy in Supercomputer
Selection at Los Alamos . . . . . . . . 25--40
Ralf Kneuper Sixty Years of Software Development Life
Cycle Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41--54
Denis Roegel Carries Stripped to the Bone: Episodes
in the History of Coaxial Modular
Digital Counters . . . . . . . . . . . . 55--64
David Walden and
Hiromichi Hashizume Desktop Publishing Pioneer Meeting at
Computer History Museum . . . . . . . . 65--67
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Harlan D. Mills
Award . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Salem Elzway and
Kera Jones Allen Book Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69--71
Anonymous Achieve your career goals with the fit
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Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Nathan Ensmenger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 3--4
Björn Westergard Do Computers Follow Rules Once Followed
by Workers? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5--8
Janet Abbate and
Elinor Carmi Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9--11
Corinna Schlombs The ``IBM Family'': American Welfare
Capitalism, Labor, and Gender in Postwar
Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12--26
Elizabeth Petrick Imagining the Personal Computer:
Conceptualizations of the Homebrew
Computer Club 1975--1977 . . . . . . . . 27--39
Alexandre Hocquet and
Frédéric Wieber ``Only the Initiates Will Have the
Secrets Revealed'': Computational
Chemists and the Openness of Scientific
Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40--58
Timo Leimbach Path Creation in the Software Industry
--- The Case of Software AG . . . . . . 59--80
Irina Nikivincze Anne-Louise Guichard Radimsky: An
Educator and a Champion for Diversity in
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81--84
Paul McJones The LISP 2 Project . . . . . . . . . . . 85--92
David Walden and
Dag Spicer Events and Sightings . . . . . . . . . . 93--96
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society: Be at the Center
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Anonymous myCS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ??
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Nathan Ensmenger The History of Design in Computing . . . 3--4
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Dag Spicer Oral History of Dame Stephanie Shirley 6--17
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Information . . . 18
Liesbeth De Mol and
Bullynck Maarten and
Edgar G. Daylight Less Is More in the Fifties: Encounters
between Logical Minimalism and Computer
Design during the 1950s . . . . . . . . 19--45
Konstantina Dritsa and
Dimitris Mitropoulos and
Diomidis Spinellis Aspects of the History of Computing in
Modern Greece . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47--60
David Halsted The Origins of the Architectural
Metaphor in Computing: Design and
Technology at IBM, 1957--1964 . . . . . 61--70
Thomas Haigh Thomas Harold (``Tommy'') Flowers:
Designer of the Colossus Codebreaking
Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--82
Michael Williams The First Public Discussion of the
Secret Colossus Project . . . . . . . . 84--87
Roli Varma and
Owen Marshall Reviews of Recent Publications by Aspray
and Nelson [2 books reviewed] . . . . . 88--91
Theodora Dryer Algorithms under the Reign of
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Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c1--c1
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Nathan Ensmenger The Local and the Global in the History
of Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--4
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
David C. Brock Oral History of Joe Thompson . . . . . . 6--16
Ben Allen Common Language: Business Programming
Languages and the Legibility of
Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17--31
Philip L. Frana Telematics and the Early History of
International Digital Information Flows 32--47
Eric Hintz Susan Kare: Design Icon . . . . . . . . 48--61
Yngvar Lundh A Slice of Norway's Computing History 62--72
Mate Szabo and
Amanda Wick and
Hiromichi Hashizume The House of Arts, Brno; Jean Sammet
Collection; and IPSJ Convention . . . . 73--79
David Alan Grier and
David Hemmendinger Reviews of Recent Publications [Two
books reviewed: Thomas Haigh, Mark
Priestley, and Crispin Rope,
\booktitleENIAC in Action: Making and
Remaking the Modern Computer. Cambridge:
MIT Press, 2016. 366 pp. ISBN:
978-0-262-03398-5. Thomas J. Misa and
Jeffrey R. Yost, \booktitleFastLane:
Managing Science in the Internet World,
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University
Press, 2015. 224 pp. ISBN:
978-1-4214-1868-1] . . . . . . . . . . . 80--84
Roderic Crooks Critical Failure: Computer-Aided
Instruction and the Fantasy of
Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85--88
Anonymous CS Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . c3
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c1
Anonymous LOSC Ad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c4
Anonymous Student Membership Ad . . . . . . . . . c2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Burton Grad and
David Hemmendinger Desktop Publishing: Laying the
Foundation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--6
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Jonathan W. Seybold Rocappi: Computerizing the Publishing
Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8--24
Douglas Drane How Atex Helped an Industry Change the
World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25--29
Jonathan Seybold More about Atex . . . . . . . . . . . . 30--36
Anonymous Compsac Ad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Robert F. Sproull The Xerox Alto Publishing Platform . . . 38--54
Lawrence G. Tesler How Modeless Editing Came To Be . . . . 55--67
John E. Warnock The Origins of PostScript . . . . . . . 68--76
Anonymous TSUSC House Ad . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Barbara Beeton and
Karl Berry and
David Walden \TeX: A Branch of Desktop Publishing,
Part 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78--93
Anonymous CS Info House Ad . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
David Walden Interview with Charles Bigelow . . . . . 95--103
Anonymous Social Networking House Ad . . . . . . . 104
Akihiko Yamada IPSJ Certifies 100 IP Technology
Heritage Artifacts in 10 Years . . . . . 105--112
Anonymous Call for Papers . . . . . . . . . . . . c2
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Thomas Haigh and
Mark Priestley Colossus and Programmability . . . . . . 5--27
Stephanie Dick and
Daniel Volmar DLL Hell: software dependencies,
failure, and the maintenance of
Microsoft Windows . . . . . . . . . . . 28--51
Jeff Katz Oral History of Dov Frohman . . . . . . 52--63
James W. Cortada Studying IBM's History When You Are Part
of It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64--68
Robert F. Sproull Publishing a Computer Graphics Book With
Prototype Desktop Publishing Tools . . . 69--76
Máté Szabó Warhol and the Amiga: Exhibition Review 77--79
Bradley Fidler Cryptography, Capitalism, and National
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--84
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1
Anonymous Author information . . . . . . . . . . . C2
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . C3
Anonymous IEEE letters of the Computer Society . . C4--C4
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Annals of the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 4
Gerardo Con Diaz From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--6
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Transactions on Big Data 6
Peggy Aldrich Kidwell The Role of Governments in the Spread of
Novel Computing Devices in the
Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century
United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7--19
Marie Hicks Hacking the Cis-tem . . . . . . . . . . 20--33
Kera Allen ``The Official Response is Never
Enough'' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34--46
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Security & Privacy . . . . 46
Chris Andoh and
Andreas Godderis The Virtual Wall of the Fourth Amendment 47--50
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Transactions on
Sustainable Computing . . . . . . . . . 50
Bill Kirkpatrick and
Jacob Ward Reviews of Recent Publications [Two
books reviewed] . . . . . . . . . . . . 51--54
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Transactions on Big Data 54--54
Peggy Aldrich Kidwell Flowcharting Templates . . . . . . . . . 55--57
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Computer Graphics . . . . 57
David Hemmendinger A Novel Program for Philosophers to
Study Computer Science . . . . . . . . . 58--60
Akihiko Yamada Parametron and Relay Computers
Exhibition Held at Tokyo University of
Science in November, 2018 . . . . . . . 61--63
Anonymous IT Professional . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Whitney Pow Stored in Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . 64--65
Anonymous Security & Privacy . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Anonymous Connect On Interface . . . . . . . . . . 67
Anonymous IEEE Letters of the Computer Society . . 68
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1
Anonymous ACM/IEEE CS Eckert--Mauchly Award . . . C2
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . C3
Anonymous Stay Connected . . . . . . . . . . . . . C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous IEEE World Congress . . . . . . . . . . C2--C2
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Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 4--4
Gerardo Con Diaz From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
P. Gawrysiak Polish Text Editors During the Fall of
the Iron Curtain . . . . . . . . . . . . 6--21
Anonymous SP\_Subscribe\_hhalf . . . . . . . . . . 21--21
Stephen Robertson A Brief History of Search Results
Ranking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22--28
Anonymous PVC General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28--28
Barbara Beeton and
Karl Berry and
David Walden \TeX: A Branch in Desktop Publishing
Evolution, Part 2 . . . . . . . . . . . 29--41
Anonymous IT General Half . . . . . . . . . . . . 41--41
S. D. Crocker Learning to Network . . . . . . . . . . 42--47
Anonymous CGA General Half . . . . . . . . . . . . 47--47
O. M. Bonastre and
A. Ve\`a Origins of the Domain Name System . . . 48--60
D. Walden ARPANET 50th Anniversary Marked at 2019
AAAS Annual Meeting . . . . . . . . . . 61--63
Anonymous Annals General Half . . . . . . . . . . 63--63
A. Yamada 2018 NEC C C Prize Ceremony . . . . . . 64--66
Anonymous IS General Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . 66--66
Anonymous SW General Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . 66--66
P. S. Collopy and
M. J. Baranay Reviews of Recent Publications [Two
books reviewed] . . . . . . . . . . . . 67--70
Anonymous CS Jobs Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71--71
Anonymous TBD Submit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--72
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Transactions on
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Anonymous \booktitleComputing Edge . . . . . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous Call for 2019 Major Awards Nominations C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 4--4
Burton Grad and
David Hemmendinger Desktop Publishing, Part 2 . . . . . . . 5--7
Jonathan Seybold Seybold Publications and Seminars . . . 8--23
John E. Warnock and
Charles Geschke Founding and Growing Adobe Systems, Inc. 24--34
John Scull and
Hansen Hsu The Killer App That Saved the Macintosh 42--52
David J. Murray Frame Technology and FrameMaker . . . . 62--74
Lee Lorenzen The Ventura Story . . . . . . . . . . . 75--88
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Computer Graphics and
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88--88
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Jobs Board . . . . C3--C3
Anonymous \booktitleComputing Edge . . . . . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous Call for 2019 Major Awards Nominations C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 4--4
G. Con Diaz From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
J. L. Tran The Myth of Hush-A-Phone v. United
States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6--19
J. A. Hodges Technical Fixes for Legal Uncertainty in
the 1980s Software Cracking Scene . . . 20--33
M. L. Jones The Development of Consent to Computing 34--47
J. W. Cortada Rethinking Why and How Organizations
Acquire Information Technologies, Part 1 48--60
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 60--60
J. W. Cortada Rethinking Why and How Organizations
Acquire Information Technologies, Part 2 61--70
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 70--70
Y. Shin The Spring of Artificial Intelligence in
Its Global Winter . . . . . . . . . . . 71--82
E. Mori Coping With the ``American Giants'' . . 83--96
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 96--96
D. Southwick High Noon on the Creative Frontier:
Configuring Human and Machine Expertise 97--109
Z. Stachniak Software Recovery and Beyond . . . . . . 110--118
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 118--118
M. van Emden Reflecting Back on the Lighthill Affair 119--123
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 123--123
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Internet Computing . . . 124--124
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Jobs Board . . . . C3--C3
Anonymous \booktitleComputing Edge . . . . . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous COMPSAC 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 4--4
Gerardo Con Diaz From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Burton Grad and
David Hemmendinger Desktop Publishing, Part 3 . . . . . . . 6--6
Charles Bigelow The Font Wars, Part 1 . . . . . . . . . 7--24
Charles Bigelow The Font Wars, Part 2 . . . . . . . . . 25--40
Paul McJones The Advent of Digital Typography:
Interview with Liz Bond Crews . . . . . 41--50
David Walden Interview With Larry Bohn . . . . . . . 51--62
Mark Dionne and
David Walden Interleaf, Inc. 1981 to 2000 . . . . . . 63--74
Anonymous \booktitleComputing Edge . . . . . . . . 75--75
Anonymous Keep Your Career Options Open . . . . . 76--76
Anonymous IEEE International Symposium on
Hardware-Oriented Security and Trust . . 77--77
Anonymous Call for Papers: IEEE 21st International
Conference on Information Reuse and
Integration for Data Science (IEEE IRI
2020) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78--78
Anonymous IEEE Quantum Week 2020 is Open for
Submissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79--79
Anonymous Top Technology Trends for 2020 Featured
in \booktitleComputer . . . . . . . . . 80--80
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Annals of the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--80
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Computer Architecture
Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C3--C3
Anonymous Education Awards Nominations . . . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 4--4
Gerardo Con Diaz From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
G. A. Cignoni and
F. Gadducci Pisa, 1954--1961: Assessing Key Stages
of a Seminal Italian Project . . . . . . 6--19
S. Hénin and
S. Casonato Fake But True: Model Maker Roberto
Guatelli, Science Museums and Replicated
Artifacts of Computing History . . . . . 20--32
B. E. Carpenter The First Computer in New Zealand . . . 33--41
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society: Call for Papers 41--41
M. Scroggins and
B. M. Boscoe Once FITS, Always FITS? Astronomical
Infrastructure in Transition . . . . . . 42--54
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Annals of the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54--54
E. Buckholtz Queens of Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55--62
Z. Stachniak Learning From Prototypes . . . . . . . . 63--71
Anonymous Interview With Michael R. Williams . . . 72--86
N. Siddiqui Book Review: Meryl Alper,
\booktitleGiving Voice: Mobile
Communication, Disability, and
Inequality. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT
Press, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87--88
Anonymous \booktitleComputing Edge . . . . . . . . C3--C3
Anonymous HOST 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous Evolving Career Opportunities Need Your
Skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--4
D. Kennedy and
G. Con Diaz Introduction to Computing Capitalisms 5--10
Anonymous \booktitleComputer Graphics and
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10--10
G. Vidan Checks and Balances: Publics, Interests,
and the Development of Electronic Fund
Transfers in 1970s US . . . . . . . . . 11--25
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Call for Papers 25--25
D. Mulvin Distributing Liability: The Legal and
Political Battles of Y2K . . . . . . . . 26--37
C. Perold IBM's World Citizens: Valentim Bouças and
the Politics of IT Expansion in
Authoritarian Brazil . . . . . . . . . . 38--52
W. Deringer Michael Milken's Spreadsheets:
Computation and Charisma in Finance in
the Go-Go 80s . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53--69
L. Johnson Preserving the History of the Software
Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70--75
B. Grad In Search of Software History . . . . . 76--82
B. Grad Finding Software Industry History . . . 83--91
Anonymous Call for Articles . . . . . . . . . . . 91--91
Anonymous History of the Events and Sightings and
Related Annals Departments . . . . . . . 92--98
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Computer Architecture:
Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99--99
Anonymous Education Awards Nominations . . . . . . 100--100
Anonymous Get Published in the New \booktitleIEEE
Open Journal of the Computer Society . . C3--C3
Anonymous \booktitleComputer Edge . . . . . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous CVPR: Virtual . . . . . . . . . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 4--4
D. Hemmendinger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
E. Mori and
S. Kelkar Introduction to the Special Issue on
Interface Architects: The Evolution of
Human Computer Interaction . . . . . . . 6--7
E. R. Petrick A Historiography of Human Computer
Interaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8--23
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society: Call for Papers 23--23
E. Mori Olivetti ELEA Sign System: Interfaces
Before the Advent of HCI . . . . . . . . 24--38
C. J. Kirsch A Three-Person Teaching Machine Designed
for Crisis: The Geromat III in Berlin
and Ulm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39--52
L. Stark Here Come the Computer People:
Anthropomorphosis, Command, and Control
in Early Personal Computing . . . . . . 53--70
R. Subramanian Historical Consciousness of Cyber
Security in India . . . . . . . . . . . 71--93
J. H. Saltzer The Origin of the MIT License . . . . . 94--98
Anonymous Call for Papers: \booktitleIEEE
Transactions on Computers . . . . . . . 98--98
Anonymous Call For Special Issue Proposals . . . . 99--99
H. Hsu Oral History of Alan Cooper . . . . . . 100--118
F. A. Gonz\'alez Redondo Exhibition Leonardo Torres Quevedo: The
Universal Engineer . . . . . . . . . . . 119--122
A. B. Magoun Resources and Opportunities of the IEEE
History Center and ETHW . . . . . . . . 122--123
D. Notarnicola Vintage Computer Federation . . . . . . 123--124
Anonymous Notes From the Editor . . . . . . . . . 124--126
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Computer Graphics and
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126--126
J. W. Cortada Correction to Rethinking Why and How
Organizations Acquire Information
Technologies, Part 1: Conventional
Explanations and Their Limits . . . . . 127--127
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Transactions on Big Data 127--127
Anonymous Write for \booktitleAnnals . . . . . . . 128--128
Anonymous Get Published in the New \booktitleIEEE
Open Journal of the Computer Society . . C3--C3
Anonymous \booktitleComputingEdge . . . . . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous \booktitleComputingEdge . . . . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 4--4
D. Hemmendinger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Anonymous Call for Articles . . . . . . . . . . . 5--5
R. Rojas The Computer Programs of Charles Babbage 6--18
B. Coghlan and
B. Randell and
P. Hockie and
T. Gonzalez and
D. McQuillan and
R. O'Regan Investigating the Work and Life of Percy
Ludgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19--37
Guy C. Fedorkow Recovering Software for the Whirlwind
Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38--59
S. C. Garvey The General Problem Solver Does Not
Exist: Mortimer Taube and the Art of AI
Criticism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60--73
J. W. Cortada From Lapel Pins to Coffee Cups: Links
Between Corporate and Material Culture,
Lessons From IBM . . . . . . . . . . . . 74--88
J. H. Saltzer On the Origin of Kerberos . . . . . . . 89--91
J. R. Yost Charles Babbage Institute for Computing,
Information, and Culture: a Major
Interdisciplinary Turn . . . . . . . . . 92--93
D. Walden Notes from the Editor . . . . . . . . . 94--94
Anonymous Stay on the Cutting Edge of Artificial
Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94--94
C. Lécuyer Review of Luc Olivier Bauer and E.
Marshall Wilder, \booktitleThe Microchip
Revolution: A Brief History (Amazon,
2020) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95--96
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society: Call for Papers 96--96
B. Grad Collecting Computing History is
Everyone's Job . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97--98
Anonymous \booktitleComputing in Science &
Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99--99
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Security & Privacy . . . . 100--100
Anonymous Get Published in the New \booktitleIEEE
Open Journal of the Computer Society . . C3--C3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! C4--C4
Anonymous [Front cover] . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous ComputingEdge . . . . . . . . . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous [Masthead] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 4--4
Devin Kennedy and
Gerardo Con Diaz Computing Capitalisms Part 2 . . . . . . 5--5
Theodora Vardouli and
David Theodore Walking Instead of Working: Space
Allocation, Automatic Architecture, and
the Abstraction of Hospital Labor . . . 6--17
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society: Call for Papers 17--17
Janet Toland Consortium Computing and Time Slicing in
the Banking Sector: Databank Systems Ltd
New Zealand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18--29
Anonymous \booktitleComputing in Science &
Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29--29
Kira Lussier From Papers to Programs: Courts,
Corporations, Clinics, and the Battle
Over Computerized Psychological Testing 30--41
Anonymous ACM/IEEE CS Eckert-Mauchly Award . . . . 41--41
James W. Cortada Preserving the Past by Industry
Participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42--44
Charles H. House Review of \booktitleIBM: The Rise and
Fall and Reinvention of a Global Icon 45--47
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Security & Privacy . . . . 47--47
Anonymous Notes From the Editor . . . . . . . . . 48--49
Anonymous Stay on the Cutting Edge of Artificial
Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49--49
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Jobs Board . . . . 50--50
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Volunteer Service
Awards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51--51
Anonymous Write for \booktitleAnnals . . . . . . . 52--52
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! C3--C3
Anonymous Get Published in the \booktitleIEEE Open
Journal of the Computer Society . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous \booktitleComputingEdge . . . . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 4--4
Gerardo Con Diaz From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Anonymous 2022 IEEE CS: Charles Babbage Award:
Call for Award Nominations . . . . . . . 5--5
Jennifer Kaufmann-Buhler Computing the Cubicle: Design for the
High-Tech Office, 1970--1990 . . . . . . 6--21
Anonymous Call for Articles . . . . . . . . . . . 21--21
Francisco González de Posada and
Francisco A. González Redondo and
Alfonso Hernando González Leonardo Torres Quevedo: Pioneer of
Computing, Automatics, and Artificial
Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22--43
Giorgio Ausiello and
Giorgio Gambosi Theoretical Computer Science in Italy:
The Early Years . . . . . . . . . . . . 44--56
Mark Kahrs and
Ann Hardy Tymshare's Changes to the Project Genie
SDS-940 Operating System: a Historical
Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57--67
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society: Call for Papers 67--67
Di Wu Cripping the History of Computing . . . 68--72
Anonymous Richard E. Merwin Student Scholarship 80--80
Tamara Kneese Review of \booktitleYour Computer is on
Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81--82
Mark Priestley and
Tomas Petricek Report on HOPL IV ACM SIGPLAN History of
Programming Languages Conference . . . . 83--85
Anonymous Share and Manage Your Research Data . . 85--85
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society: Volunteer Service
Awards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86--86
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Jobs Board . . . . 87--87
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Annals of the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88--88
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! C3--C3
Anonymous Get Published in the \booktitleIEEE Open
Journal of the Computer Society . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous \booktitleComputingEdge . . . . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 4--4
Liesbeth De Mol Logic, Programming, and Computer
Science: Local Perspectives . . . . . . 5--9
Maarten Bullynck German Encounters of Logic and
Programming (1948--1958), Featuring
Three Readings of Turing Machines . . . 10--26
David E. Dunning The Work of Writing Programs: Logic and
Inscriptive Practice in the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27--42
Ksenia Tatarchenko and
Anya Yermakova and
Liesbeth De Mol Russian Logics and the Culture of
Impossible: Part I. Recovering
Intelligentsia Logics . . . . . . . . . 43--56
Anonymous \booktitleIT Professional: Call for
Articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56--56
Ksenia Tatarchenko and
Anya Yermakova and
Liesbeth De Mol Russian Logics and the Culture of
Impossible: Part II. Reinterpreting
Algorithmic Rationality . . . . . . . . 57--69
William Aspray Biography: Arthur Lawrence Norberg
(1938--2021) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70--76
Burton Grad Sterling Software: An \$8 Billion
Success Story in the 1980s and 1990s . . 77--86
Edgar G. Daylight Addressing the Question What is a
Program Text? via Turing Scholarship . . 87--91
Mark Priestley Logic, Code, and the History of
Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92--96
Peter J. Denning and
Matti Tedre Mathematics, Logic, and Engineering in
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97--100
Michael F. McGovern Review of \booktitleBlack Software: The
Internet & Racial Justice, from the
AfroNet to Black Lives Matter . . . . . 101--102
Carolyn L. Kane Review of \booktitleArtificial
Whiteness: Politics and Ideology in
Artificial Intelligence . . . . . . . . 103--104
Dag Spicer Computer History Museum, Fall 2021
Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108--110
Mark Kahrs and
Ann Hardy Correction to Tymshare's Changes to the
Project Genie SDS-940 Operating System:
a Historical Review . . . . . . . . . . 111--111
Anonymous Call for Special Issue Proposals . . . . 112--112
Anonymous Get Published in the New \booktitleIEEE
Open Journal of the Computer Society . . C3--C3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Jobs Board . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous \booktitleComputingEdge . . . . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 4--4
David C. Brock and
Burton Grad Expert Systems: Commercializing
Artificial Intelligence . . . . . . . . 5--7
Anonymous Calls for Articles . . . . . . . . . . . 7--7
Hallam Stevens The Business Machine in Biology The
Commercialization of AI in the Life
Sciences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8--19
Anonymous Stay on the Cutting Edge of Artificial
Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19--19
Shreeharsh Kelkar Between AI and Learning Science: The
Evolution and Commercialization of
Intelligent Tutoring Systems . . . . . . 20--30
Paul Harmon The Expert Systems Business: How It Grew
and Died . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31--43
Douglas Lenat Creating a 30-Million-Rule System: MCC
and Cycorp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44--56
Peter E. Hart An Artificial Intelligence Odyssey: From
the Research Lab to the Real World . . . 57--72
Anonymous \booktitleComputing in Science &
Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--72
Anonymous Call for Special Issue Proposals . . . . 87--87
Reid G. Smith and
Eric J. Schoen and
Jay M. Tenenbaum Early AI Applications at Schlumberger 88--102
Fritz Kunze and
Lauren Kunze The History of Franz and Lisp . . . . . 103--108
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society: Call for Papers 108--108
David A. Grier Interview of Peter E. Friedland . . . . 109--122
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Computer Graphics and
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122--122
Pamela McCorduck The Scientific Life of Edward A.
Feigenbaum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123--128
Jeffrey Brace Vintage Computer Federation Events . . . 129--130
Anonymous Notes From the Editor . . . . . . . . . 130--130
Burton Grad History of Computing Industry
Infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131--132
Miriam Posner The Software at Our Doorsteps . . . . . 133--134
Matthew Hockenberry On Logistical Histories of Computing . . 135--136
Anonymous Advert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136--136
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society D&I Fund . . . . . 137--137
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Annals of the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138--138
Anonymous Publications Seek 2023 Editors in Chief 139--139
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! 140--140
Anonymous Get Published in the New \booktitleIEEE
Open Journal of the Computer Society . . C3--C3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Jobs Board . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous \booktitleComputingEdge . . . . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 4--4
David Hemmendinger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Lee Vinsel and
Andrew L. Russell Introductory Note to Seeking High IMP
Reliability in Maintenance of the 1970s
ARPAnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6--7
Anonymous Call for Articles . . . . . . . . . . . 7--7
David C. Walden and
Alexander A. McKenzie and
W. Ben Barker Seeking High IMP Reliability in
Maintenance of the 1970s ARPAnet . . . . 8--19
Simon H. Lavington Early Days of Computing at Manchester:
Max Newman's Royal Society Project,
1946--1951 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20--32
Roberto Giacobazzi and
Francesco Ranzato History of Abstract Interpretation . . . 33--43
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society: Call for Papers 43--43
Richard R. Brooks and
Lu Yu and
Ilker Ozcelik and
Jon Oakley and
Nathan Tusing Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS): a
History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44--54
Fabian Prieto Ñañez Assembling a Colombian-Cloned Computer:
National Development and the
Transnational Trade of Electronics Parts
in the 1980s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55--64
Anonymous Working and Living at Bletchley Park . . 65--68
Jeannette Alden Estruth From the Gold Rush to the Colonization
of Mars: How Silicon Valley Imagines
Away the Working Class . . . . . . . . . 69--73
Kim Fernandes Review of \booktitleLives of Data:
Essays on Computational Cultures from
India by Sandeep Mertia . . . . . . . . 74--75
Anonymous Wyatts award . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75--75
Peter Krapp Review of \booktitleMilestones in Analog
and Digital Computing, 3rd ed by Herbert
Bruderer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76--77
Anonymous Over the Rainbow: 21st Century Security &
Privacy Podcast . . . . . . . . . . . . 77--77
Jeffrey R. Yost New Symposia, NSF Project, Book Series,
and More at CBI . . . . . . . . . . . . 78--79
Anonymous AI's 10 to Watch: Call for Nominations 80--80
Anonymous Call for Special Issue Proposals . . . . 81--81
Anonymous IEEE Computer SOCIETY D&I Fund . . . . . 82--82
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Annals of the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83--83
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! 84--84
Anonymous Get Published in the New \booktitleIEEE
Open Journal of the Computer Society . . C3--C3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Jobs Board . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous IEEE Quantum Week . . . . . . . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Information . . . 4--4
David Hemmendinger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Kanyinsola Obayan Entrepreneurial Hustle and the Rise (and
Fall) of Personal Computer Companies in
Lagos, Nigeria: 1960--1999 . . . . . . . 6--16
Henrique Luiz Cukierman and
Alberto Jorge Silva de Lima and
Paulo Henrique Fidelis Feitosa and
Fernando Gonçalves Severo and
Ricardo Jullian da Silva Graça and
André Vinícius Leal Sobral What1468371Whom is the Brazilian
University for? The Case of the
Computing Projects Laboratory . . . . . 17--29
Karl Grindal Artist Collectives as the Origins of
DDoS: the Strano Network and Electronic
Disturbance Theater . . . . . . . . . . 30--42
Camille Paloque-Berg\`es How EUNET Hacked European Digital
Networks and Disappeared . . . . . . . . 43--58
Richard Pawson The Myth of the Harvard Architecture . . 59--69
Anonymous Call for Papers: IEEE Computer Society 69--69
Alexander A. McKenzie David Corydon Walden's Five Careers . . 70--79
Anonymous Over the Rainbow: 21st Century Security &
Privacy Podcast . . . . . . . . . . . . 79--79
Philip Nel Well Paid for a Woman: Gloria Hardman's
50-Year Career in Computing . . . . . . 80--86
James W. Cortada Why Historians Should Pay More Attention
to the Social Histories of Objects and
What They Can Learn From These . . . . . 87--90
Simon Lavington Two Manchester Computer Milestones . . . 91--92
David A Grier HWMS Audio Theatre . . . . . . . . . . . 93--93
Anonymous Call for Articles for \booktitleIEEE
Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94--94
Anonymous \booktitleComputingEdge . . . . . . . . 95--95
Anonymous Write for \booktitleAnnals . . . . . . . 96--96
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society D&I Fund . . . . . 97--97
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! 98--98
Anonymous Call for Special Issue Proposals for
\booktitleComputer . . . . . . . . . . . 99--99
Anonymous Honoring Women in Computing: Call for
Nominations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100--100
Anonymous Get Published in the New \booktitleIEEE
Open Journal of the Computer Society . . C3--C3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Jobs Board . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 4--4
David Hemmendinger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Anonymous Call for Articles . . . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Emily Klancher Merchant and
Myron P. Gutmann The IT of Demography . . . . . . . . . . 6--15
Rebecca Jean Emigh and
Johanna Hernández-Pérez The Present of the Past: A
Sociotechnological Framework for
Understanding the Availability of
Research Materials . . . . . . . . . . . 16--27
Moritz J. Feichtinger Computing Counterinsurgency: The Hamlet
Evaluation System (HES) and Databasing
During the Vietnam War . . . . . . . . . 28--43
Anonymous Over the Rainbow: 21st Century Security &
Privacy Podcast . . . . . . . . . . . . 43--43
Fenwick McKelvey When the New Magic was New: The Claritas
Corporation and the Clustering of
America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44--56
Anonymous Call for Papers: IEEE Computer Society 56--56
Katie R. Genadek and
J. Trent Alexander The Missing Link: Data Capture
Technology and the Making of a
Longitudinal U.S. Census Infrastructure 57--66
Anonymous IEEE DataPort . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66--66
Barbara A. Anderson The Effects of Increases in Computing
Power on Demographic Analysis Over the
Last 50 Years . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67--70
Diana L. Magnuson and
Steven Ruggles Challenges of Large-Scale Data
Processing in the 1990s: The IPUMS
Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71--83
Anonymous IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 83--83
Devin Kennedy Review of \booktitleProductivity
Machines: German Appropriations of
American Technology From Mass Production
to Computer Automation by Corinna
Schlombs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84--85
Hilary Caminer A New Book About the First Business
Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86--86
Anonymous Call for Papers: IEEE Conference on
Artificial Intelligence . . . . . . . . 87--87
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Volunteer Service
Awards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88--88
Anonymous Call for Special Issue Proposals . . . . 89--89
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Annals of the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90--90
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! 91--91
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society D&I Fund . . . . . 92--92
Anonymous Get Published in the New \booktitleIEEE
Open Journal of the Computer Society . . C3--C3
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Jobs Board . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Information . . . 3--3
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--4
Ramesh Subramanian From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Anonymous Let's Stay Connected . . . . . . . . . . 5--5
N. Dayasindhu Wipro Infotech's Pivot From Computer
Hardware to R&D Services for IT . . . . . 6--17
Elena Dzardanova and
Vlasios Kasapakis Virtual Reality: a Journey From Vision
to Commodity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18--30
Anonymous Call for Papers: IEEE Computer Society 30--30
Mike Sharples John Clark's Latin Verse Machine: 19th
Century Computational Creativity . . . . 31--42
Yue Zhao and
Rebecca Slayton Tool, Doctor, and Hooligan: History of
Antivirus Software in China, 1989--2010 43--54
Jennifer Head and
Dianne P. O'Leary The Legacy of Mary Kenneth Keller, First
U.S. Ph.D. in Computer Science . . . . . 55--63
Robert Sproull and
David C. Brock Interview of Ivan Sutherland . . . . . . 64--76
Maristella Agosti and
Alberto Cammozzo and
Francesco Contin and
Silvio Hénin Building a Computer at the University of
Padua, 1958--1961 . . . . . . . . . . . 77--85
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Transactions on
Sustainable Computing . . . . . . . . . 85--85
Emma Rae Bruml Norton Review of \booktitleTransparent Designs:
Personal Computing and the Politics of
User-Friendliness, by Michael L. Black 86--87
Anonymous Stay on the Cutting Edge of Artificial
Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87--87
Dag Spicer Computer History Museum Update . . . . . 88--93
Alberto Policriti and
Eugenio Omodeo and
Liesbeth De Mol Obituary of Martin Davis (1928--2023) 93--94
Anonymous Call for Participation . . . . . . . . . 95--95
Anonymous Humphrey Award . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94--94
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Annals of the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96--96
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Career Center . . C3--C3
Anonymous \booktitleComputingEdge . . . . . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous IEEE Quantum Week . . . . . . . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous Call for 2023 Major Awards Nominations 3--3
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--4
Ramesh Subramanian From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Transactions on
Sustainable Computing . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Caitlin Burke The Cognitive Being as the User at
Project Mac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6--14
Philip L. Frana Demographics, Inc., Computerized Direct
Mail, and the Rise of the Digital
Attention Economy . . . . . . . . . . . 15--28
Anonymous Call for Papers: IEEE Computer Society 28--28
David Nofre Content Is Meaningless, and Structure Is
All-Important: Defining the Nature of
Computer Science in the Age of High
Modernism, c. 1950 c. 1965 . . . . . . . 29--42
Peggy Aldrich Kidwell Promoting Computing in the Postwar
United States: The Case of UCLA . . . . 43--52
Dag Spicer Interview of Lynn Conway . . . . . . . . 53--61
Anonymous CS Multimedia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61--61
Anonymous Get Published in the New \booktitleIEEE
Open Journal of the Computer Society . . 62--62
Emil J. Gottwald A Short History of Xerox' Darwin Toolset
for Programming Real-Time Machine
Control Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . 63--67
Anne Fitzpatrick Review of \booktitleSpies, Lies, and
Algorithms, by Amy B. Zegart . . . . . . 68--68
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society D&I Fund . . . . . 69--69
Hiroharu Asahi and
Hiromichi Hashizume 2022 Distributed Computer Museum
Accreditation Ceremony . . . . . . . . . 70--71
Brian Randell and
Brian Coghlan ChatGPT's Astonishing Fabrications About
Percy Ludgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71--72
Jeffrey Yost CBI's Automation by Design, New Fellows,
Interfaces, JHUP Series, NAE, NSF, and
More . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72--76
Loring G. Robbins and
Andrew L. Russell Obituary for James Pelkey . . . . . . . 76--77
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! 78--78
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Annals of the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79--79
Anonymous Share and Manage Your Research Data . . 80--80
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous IEEE Quantum Week . . . . . . . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Information . . . 3--3
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--4
David Hemmendinger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Anonymous Call for Papers: IEEE Computer Society 5--5
Helen Piel and
Rudolf Seising Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence
in Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6--10
Hans-Christian von Herrmann Literature and Artificial Intelligence 11--18
B. Jack Copeland Early AI in Britain: Turing et al. . . . 19--31
Matthew Cobb The Representation of Knowledge and the
Relevance of Biological Models at the
Symposium on the Mechanization of
Thought Processes, 1958 . . . . . . . . 32--47
Dinah Pfau and
Helen Piel and
Florian Müller and
Jakob Tschandl and
Rudolf Seising The KI-Rundbrief, Its Editors, and Its
Community: a Perspective on West German
AI, 1975--1987 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48--65
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! 65--65
Martin Schmitt Socialist AI? Societal Use, Economic
Implementation, and the Tensions of
Applied Computer Science in Late
Socialist GDR . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66--79
Paul McJones and
David Redell History of the CAL Timesharing System 80--91
Grant Saviers Interview of Finis Conner . . . . . . . 92--102
Anonymous Over the Rainbow: 21st Century Security &
Privacy Podcast . . . . . . . . . . . . 102--102
Gili Vidan Review of \booktitleProxies: The
Cultural Work of Standing In, by Dylan
Mulvin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103--104
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Transactions on
Sustainable Computing . . . . . . . . . 104--104
Sam H. Franz Review of \booktitleCode: From
Information Theory to French Theory, by
Bernard Dionysius Geoghegan . . . . . . 105--107
Anonymous \booktitleComputing in Science &
Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107--107
Anonymous Write for \booktitleAnnals . . . . . . . 108--108
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Career Center . . C3--C3
Anonymous \booktitleComputingEdge . . . . . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society D&I Fund . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Information . . . 3--3
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--4
David Hemmendinger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Anonymous Stay on the Cutting Edge of Artificial
Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Sebastian K. Boell and
Janet M. Toland Histories of Computing in Oceania . . . 6--10
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Transactions on Big Data 10--10
Rieko Hayakawa and
Robert Underwood and
Jennifer Anson The Modern History of ICT in Oceania
PEACESAT and USPNet . . . . . . . . . . 11--26
Petera Hudson and
H mi Whaanga and
Te Taka Keegan Computing Technologies for Resilience,
Sustainability, and Resistance . . . . . 27--38
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Computer Graphics and
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38--38
Alastair Nisbet Educational Computers in New Zealand
Schools: 1977 to 1983 . . . . . . . . . 39--52
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society: Call for Papers 52--52
Barbara Ainsworth Trevor Pearcey and the Development of
CSIRAC: an Australian First-Generation
Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53--63
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society: Volunteer Service
Awards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64--64
T. Alex Reid Monte Sala's Cryptographic Achievements 65--71
T. Alex Reid Computer Networking Initiatives in One
of the World's Remote Cities . . . . . . 72--80
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! 80--80
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society: Publications Seek 81--81
Brian E. Carpenter Opening of the Bob Doran Museum of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82--82
Sebastian K. Boell and
Peter Thorne Capturing an Oral History of Computing
in Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82--83
David Brock Documenting CAD History With CHM's
Software Industry Special Interest Group 84--84
Giovanni A. Cignoni and
Sergei P. Prokhorov Tracing the Origins of the First Soviet
Computers, Beyond Legends . . . . . . . 85--91
Anonymous Over the Rainbow: 21st Century Security &
Privacy Podcast . . . . . . . . . . . . 91--91
Hansen Hsu Oral History of Rodney Brooks . . . . . 92--103
Andrew S. Lea Dissecting Data: History of Data as
History of the Body . . . . . . . . . . 104--106
Anonymous Errata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107--107
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Security & Privacy . . . . 107--107
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Annals of the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108--108
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Career Center . . C3--C3
Anonymous \booktitleComputingEdge . . . . . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society D&I Fund . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Information . . . 3--3
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--4
David Hemmendinger From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--5
Bernardo Gonçalves Lady Lovelace's Objection: The
Turing--Hartree Disputes Over the
Meaning of Digital Computers, 1946--1951 6--18
Anonymous Call for Papers: \booktitleIEEE Computer
Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19--19
Anushah Hossain Text Standards for the ``Rest of
World'': The Making of the Unicode
Standard and the OpenType Format . . . . 20--33
Brian K. Vagts Telenet, the 1983 Hacking Incidents, and
the Construction of Network Security in
the United States . . . . . . . . . . . 34--47
James W. Cortada A Hidden IT ``Best Seller'': IBM
Customer Engineering Maintenance
Manuals, 1930s--1980s . . . . . . . . . 48--58
Anonymous Stay Connected . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59--59
Stanley Mazor Easy Reciprocals . . . . . . . . . . . . 60--61
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! 61--61
Marc LaViolette Was There a French Engine Before
Babbage's Difference Engine? . . . . . . 62--65
Anonymous Call for Papers: IEEE Computer Society 65--65
Alan Patterson Interview of Morris Chang . . . . . . . 66--73
Anonymous Call for Papers: Get Published in the
New \booktitleIEEE Transactions on
Privacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73--73
Dag Spicer Niklaus Wirth Obituary . . . . . . . . . 74--74
Dag Spicer The Computer History Museum's 2023 in
Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75--79
Anonymous The IEEE APP: Let's Stay Connected
\ldots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79--79
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Annals of the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80--80
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Career Center . . C3--C3
Anonymous \booktitleComputingEdge . . . . . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous Get Published in the New \booktitleIEEE
Transactions on Privacy . . . . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Information . . . 3--3
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--4
David Hemmendinger and
Troy Kaighin Astarte From the Editors' Desks . . . . . . . . 5--5
Matthew Hockenberry and
Miriam Posner Logistical Histories of Computing . . . 6--12
Anonymous Call for Papers: IEEE Computer Society 12--12
Ingrid Burrington From War Crystals to Ordinary Sand:
Excavating Silicon Supply Chains . . . . 13--23
Verónica Uribe del Águila Making Innovation in the Mexican Silicon
Valley: The Early Years of El Centro de
Tecnología de Semiconductores
(1981--2001) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24--37
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered! 37--37
Andrew Lison Hardware Standardization and
State-Socialist Piracy: The Global Reach
of the Zilog Z80 . . . . . . . . . . . . 38--51
Kyle Stine The Logistics of Labor and Life at
Signetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52--64
Anonymous Volunteer Service Awards . . . . . . . . 65--65
Michael Barr My Time With the JFEAC . . . . . . . . . 66--71
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Computer Graphics and
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71--71
Jeffrey Yost Interview of J. P. (Jack) London . . . . 72--87
Anonymous Call for Special Issue Proposals . . . . 88--88
Frances Corry Computer Pasts/Computer Futures: April 4
2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89--90
David Hemmendinger Correction to From the Editor's Desk . . 90--90
Anonymous AI's Ten to Watch . . . . . . . . . . . 91--91
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Annals of the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92--92
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Career Center . . C3--C3
Anonymous \booktitleComputingEdge . . . . . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous \booktitleTransactions on Privacy . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous CS Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--4
Troy Astarte From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 5--6
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Call for Papers 6--6
N Dayasindhu The Origins of Training and Education in
the Indian Information Technology Sector 7--19
Brian Coghlan and
Brian Randell and
Ralf Buelow How Percy Ludgate's 1909 Paper (and IBM)
Helped Thwart Konrad Zuse's Computer
Patent in 1960 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20--35
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society . . . . . . . . . 35--35
Bernardo Gonçalves Turing's Test, a Beautiful Thought
Experiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36--49
Anonymous CGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49--49
Eric Rawn The Work and Vision of Ubiquitous
Computing at Xerox PARC . . . . . . . . 50--60
Neil Urquhart The British Rail Total Operations
Processing System and the Birth of
Telematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61--73
Thomas K. Robbins Stepping Into the Future --- The
Invention and Evolution of the Stepping
Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74--80
Anonymous Sustainable computing . . . . . . . . . 80--80
Kim W. Tracy Bell Labs' Portrayal of Switching as
Computing (or Not) . . . . . . . . . . . 81--85
Anonymous IEEE Dataport . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85--85
Mark Priestley Working in the Scientific State: John
Womersley's Early Career . . . . . . . . 86--93
Anonymous IEEE App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93--93
Morgan Ames and
Ekaterina Babintseva and
Xiaochang Li and
Colette Perold and
Gili Vidan Notes From the 2024 SIGCIS Meeting:
System Update: Patches, Tactics,
Responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94--95
Anonymous Write for \booktitleAnnals . . . . . . . 96--96
Anonymous CA Career Center . . . . . . . . . . . . C3--C3
Anonymous \booktitleComputing Edge . . . . . . . . C4--C4
Anonymous Front Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C1--C1
Anonymous Author Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . C2--C2
Anonymous Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 1--2
Anonymous CS Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3
Anonymous Masthead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--4
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Transactions on Privacy 5--5
Troy Astarte From the Editor's Desk . . . . . . . . . 6--6
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Pervasive Computing: Call
for Articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6--6
Burton Grad and
David Kasik CAD: Forming the Industry . . . . . . . 7--9
Anonymous Unlock Your Potential . . . . . . . . . 9--9
Daniel Cardoso Llach Computer-Aided Design in the United
States, 1949--1984: Designing in a
Closed World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10--26
David J. Kasik Industry-Developed CAD/CAM Software . . 27--37
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Security and Privacy . . 37--37
David J. Kasik Developing and Using CAD/CAM/CAE Systems
in Boeing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38--49
Cheryl Baltes Patrick J. Hanratty: Pioneer in
Commercial CAD/CAM Software Systems . . 50--57
Fontaine K. Richardson Applicon: The Early Days of
Computer-Aided Electronics Design . . . 58--62
Kenneth J. Versprille and
Alexander B. Magoun Nonuniform Rational B-Splines,
Computervision, and Me . . . . . . . . . 63--69
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society: Call for Papers 69--69
Paul O. Sicking and
George A. Allen and
Wilfredo R. Valenzuela The History of Unigraphics, 1974--2001 70--83
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Computer Graphics and
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83--83
Kevin Eustace and
Albert Klosterman SDRC: Company History and Impact on the
CAD/MCAE Industry in the 20th Century 84--101
Michael A. Evans A History of CAD in the United Kingdom:
The Cambridge Phenomenon . . . . . . . . 102--113
Anonymous IEEE Dataport . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113--113
Tom Lazear CAD at Fluor, T&W/Versacad,
Computervision, and Archway . . . . . . 114--123
Anonymous IEEE App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123--123
Francis Bernard Dassault Syst\`emes: a CAD Success Story 124--135
Anonymous Stay Connected . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136--136
Chuck House and
Burt Grad Autodesk Oral History . . . . . . . . . 137--141
Douglas Fairbairn Oral History of Alvar Green . . . . . . 142--147
Anonymous \booktitle\booktitleComputing in Science
& Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147--147
Burton Grad Computer-Aided Design: CAD Materials at
the Computer History Museum and Charles
Babbage Institute . . . . . . . . . . . 148--148
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Transactions on
Computers: Call for Papers . . . . . . . 149--149
Dave Shreiner Review of \booktitleThe Big 50:
Celebrating 50 ACM SIGGRAPH Conferences,
by David J. Kasik, Mary C. Whitton, and
Chris R. Johnson . . . . . . . . . . . . 150--151
Anonymous \booktitleIEEE Annals of the History of
Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152--152
Anonymous IEEE Computer Society Career Center . . C3--C3
Anonymous \booktitleComputing Edge . . . . . . . . C4--C4
H. H. Goldstine and
Adele Goldstine The Electronic Numerical Integrator and
Computer (ENIAC) . . . . . . . . . . . . 97--110
Derek J. de Solla Price An Ancient Greek Computer . . . . . . . 60--67
Derek John de Solla Price Gears from the Greeks: the Antikythera
mechanism, a calendar computer from ca.
80 B.C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1--70
Robert A. Nash Book Review: \booktitleGears from the
Greeks: The Antikythera Mechanism --- A
Calendar Computer from ca. 80 B.C. by
Derek de Solla Price . . . . . . . . . . 594
S. M. Ashfaque Review: \booktitleGears from Greeks ---
Antikythera Mechanism --- Calendar
Computer from ca 80 BC --- by D. D.
Price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175--176
Theodore N. Ballin Book Review: \booktitleGears from the
Greeks, The Antikythera Mechanism: A
Calendar Computer from ca. 80 B.C. by
Derek de Solla Price . . . . . . . . . . 202
A. G. Drachmann Book Review: \booktitleGears from the
Greeks: The Antikythera Mechanism: A
Calendar Computer from ca. 80 B.C. by
Derek de Solla Price . . . . . . . . . . 112--116
Stillman Drake Galileo and the First Mechanical
Computing Device . . . . . . . . . . . . 104--113
A. M. P. Brookes Book Review: \booktitleGears from the
Greeks, by Derek de Solla Price. The
Antikythera Mechanism: A Calendar
Computer from ca. 80 B.C. . . . . . . . 94--95
J. D. North Book Review: Derek de Solla Price:
\booktitleGears from the Greeks: The
Antikythera Mechanism. A Calendar
Computer from ca. 80 B.C. . . . . . . . 142--143
John Peter Oleson Book Review: \booktitleGears from the
Greeks: The Antikythera Mechanism --- a
Calendar Computer from ca. 80 B.C. by
Derek de Solla Price . . . . . . . . . . 271--273
Norman A. F. Smith Book Review: \booktitleAntiquity Gears
from the Greeks: The Antikythera
Mechanism --- a Calendar Computer from
ca. 80 B.C. by Derek de Solla Price. New
York: Science History Publications,
1975. Pp. 70. \$8.50} . . . . . . . . . 77--78
L. R. Morris Price, Derek, Desolla and the
Antikythera Mechanism --- An
Appreciation 1922--1983 --- Obituary . . 15--21
Allan G. Bromley Notes on the Antikythera Mechanism . . . 5--27
Diomidis Spinellis The Antikythera Mechanism: a Computer
Science Perspective . . . . . . . . . . 22--27
Michael Edmunds and
Tony Freeth Using Computation to Decode the First
Known Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32--39
Martin Campbell-Kelly Remembering Michael S. Mahoney . . . . . 379--383